GLUT2

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GLUT2 (Glucose transporter 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC2A2 gene. It is a member of the GLUT family of membrane transport proteins, which are responsible for the transport of glucose and other hexoses across cell membranes.

Function

GLUT2 is primarily found in the liver, pancreas, kidney, and small intestine. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood glucose levels by facilitating the bidirectional transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In the liver, GLUT2 allows for the uptake of glucose during hyperglycemia and the release of glucose during hypoglycemia. In the pancreatic beta cells, GLUT2 is involved in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to blood glucose levels.

Structure

GLUT2 is a transmembrane protein with 12 membrane-spanning helices. It has a relatively low affinity for glucose compared to other glucose transporters, which allows it to function effectively in tissues that experience wide fluctuations in glucose concentrations.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the SLC2A2 gene can lead to a rare genetic disorder known as Fanconi-Bickel syndrome, which is characterized by glycogen storage disease, renal tubular dysfunction, and glucose/galactose malabsorption. Additionally, alterations in GLUT2 expression or function have been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.

See also

• GLUT1
• GLUT3
• GLUT4
• Insulin
• Blood sugar regulation