GABA transporter type 1

GABA transporter type 1 (GAT1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A1 gene. GAT1 is a member of the sodium- and chloride-dependent neurotransmitter transporter family. This protein is predominantly expressed in the brain.

Function

GAT1 is responsible for the reuptake of GABA from the synaptic cleft, which terminates the action of GABA. The transporter prevents the overstimulation of GABA receptors and maintains the concentration of GABA in the synaptic cleft within a physiological range.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the SLC6A1 gene have been associated with epilepsy, autism, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Inhibition of GAT1 has been proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for these disorders.

Pharmacology

Several drugs have been developed to inhibit GAT1, including tiagabine, a drug used in the treatment of epilepsy. These drugs increase the concentration of GABA in the synaptic cleft, enhancing its inhibitory effect on neuronal activity.

See also

• GABA transporter
• GABA transporter type 2
• GABA transporter type 3
• GABA transporter type 4

References

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