Arthropathy: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Arthropathy | |||
| image = [[File:X-ray_of_right_fourth_PIP_joint_with_bone_erosions_by_rheumatoid_arthritis.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = X-ray of right fourth PIP joint with bone erosions by [[rheumatoid arthritis]] | |||
| field = [[Rheumatology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Joint pain]], [[swelling]], [[stiffness]] | |||
| complications = [[Joint deformity]], [[loss of function]] | |||
| onset = Varies depending on type | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| types = [[Osteoarthritis]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[gout]], [[psoriatic arthritis]], [[ankylosing spondylitis]] | |||
| causes = [[Autoimmune disease]], [[infection]], [[metabolic disorder]], [[trauma]] | |||
| risks = [[Age]], [[genetics]], [[obesity]], [[joint injury]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[imaging studies]], [[blood tests]] | |||
| differential = [[Bursitis]], [[tendinitis]], [[fibromyalgia]] | |||
| treatment = [[Medication]], [[physical therapy]], [[surgery]] | |||
| medication = [[NSAIDs]], [[corticosteroids]], [[DMARDs]], [[biologics]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies; often chronic | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
<languages /><translate> | <languages /><translate> | ||
Any disorder of the [[joints]] such as [[arthritis]]. | Any disorder of the [[joints]] such as [[arthritis]]. | ||
[[File:Jaccoud arthropathy hand x-ray front.jpg|alt=Jaccoud arthropathy hand x-ray front|thumb|Jaccoud arthropathy hand x-ray front]] | [[File:Jaccoud arthropathy hand x-ray front.jpg|alt=Jaccoud arthropathy hand x-ray front|left|thumb|Jaccoud arthropathy hand x-ray front]] | ||
== Etiology == | == Etiology == | ||
The word Arthropathy comes from two Greek words:Arthron which means joint and Pathos which means suffering or disease. | The word Arthropathy comes from two Greek words:Arthron which means joint and Pathos which means suffering or disease. | ||
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== Types == | == Types == | ||
Arthropathy can be of different types: It can be inflammatory such as [[rheumatoid arthritis]], degenerative such as [[osteoarthritis]], reactive such as [[lupus]] or [[psoriatic arthritis]], crystal deposition such as gout or pseudogout based on etiology and they can also be congenital or acquired. | Arthropathy can be of different types: It can be inflammatory such as [[rheumatoid arthritis]], degenerative such as [[osteoarthritis]], reactive such as [[lupus]] or [[psoriatic arthritis]], crystal deposition such as gout or pseudogout based on etiology and they can also be congenital or acquired. | ||
[[File:Charcot arthropathy clinical examination.jpg|alt=Charcot arthropathy|thumb|Charcot arthropathy]] | [[File:Charcot arthropathy clinical examination.jpg|alt=Charcot arthropathy|left|thumb|Charcot arthropathy]] | ||
Some examples of [[arthritis]] / arthropathy: | Some examples of [[arthritis]] / arthropathy: | ||
* '''[[Ankylosing Spondylitis]]''' is arthritis that affects the spine. | * '''[[Ankylosing Spondylitis]]''' is arthritis that affects the spine. | ||
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* '''[[Psoriatic arthritis]]''' can occur in people who have psoriasis (scaly red and white skin patches) that affects the skin, joints, and areas where tissues attach to bone. | * '''[[Psoriatic arthritis]]''' can occur in people who have psoriasis (scaly red and white skin patches) that affects the skin, joints, and areas where tissues attach to bone. | ||
* '''[[Reactive arthritis]]''' is pain or swelling in a joint that is caused by an infection in your body. | * '''[[Reactive arthritis]]''' is pain or swelling in a joint that is caused by an infection in your body. | ||
* '''[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]''' an autoimmune disease that happens when the | * '''[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]''' an autoimmune disease that happens when the body’s own defense system doesn’t work properly. | ||
[[File:Charcot arthropathy X-ray.jpg|alt=Charcot arthropathy X-ray|thumb|Charcot arthropathy X-ray]] | [[File:Charcot arthropathy X-ray.jpg|alt=Charcot arthropathy X-ray|left|thumb|Charcot arthropathy X-ray]] | ||
Arthritis is seen with other conditions are called reactive arthropathy such as: | Arthritis is seen with other conditions are called reactive arthropathy such as: | ||
* '''[[Lupus]]''' happens when the body’s defense system harms the joints, heart, skin, kidneys, and other organs. | |||
* '''[[Lupus]]''' happens when the | |||
* '''[[Infection]]''' that gets into a joint and destroys the cushion between the bones. | * '''[[Infection]]''' that gets into a joint and destroys the cushion between the bones. | ||
== Classification of joint diseases == | == Classification of joint diseases == | ||
[[File:Rheumatoid arthritis joint.gif|alt=Rheumatoid arthritis joint|thumb|Rheumatoid arthritis joint]] | [[File:Rheumatoid arthritis joint.gif|alt=Rheumatoid arthritis joint|left|thumb|Rheumatoid arthritis joint]] | ||
Joint diseases can be classified as follows: | Joint diseases can be classified as follows: | ||
*[[Arthritis]] | *[[Arthritis]] | ||
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*[[Synovitis]] is the medical term for [[inflammation]] of the [[synovial membrane]]. | *[[Synovitis]] is the medical term for [[inflammation]] of the [[synovial membrane]]. | ||
*[[Joint dislocation]] | *[[Joint dislocation]] | ||
[[File:Gout Signs and Symptoms.jpg|alt=Gout|thumb|Gout]] | [[File:Gout Signs and Symptoms.jpg|alt=Gout|left|thumb|Gout]] | ||
===With ''arthropathy'' in the name=== | ===With ''arthropathy'' in the name=== | ||
* ''[[Reactive arthropathy]]'' (M02-M03) is caused by an [[infection]], but not a direct infection of the [[synovial space]]. (See also [[Reactive arthritis]]) | * ''[[Reactive arthropathy]]'' (M02-M03) is caused by an [[infection]], but not a direct infection of the [[synovial space]]. (See also [[Reactive arthritis]]) | ||
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* ''[[Diabetic arthropathy]]'' (M14.2, E10-E14) is caused by [[diabetes]]. | * ''[[Diabetic arthropathy]]'' (M14.2, E10-E14) is caused by [[diabetes]]. | ||
* ''[[Neuropathic arthropathy]]'' (M14.6) is associated with a loss of [[wikt:sensation|sensation]]. | * ''[[Neuropathic arthropathy]]'' (M14.6) is associated with a loss of [[wikt:sensation|sensation]]. | ||
[[Spondylarthropathy]] is any form of arthropathy of the [[vertebral column]]. | [[Spondylarthropathy]] is any form of arthropathy of the [[vertebral column]]. | ||
[[File:Feet-Reiters syndrome.jpg|alt=Feet in Reiters syndrome|thumb|Feet in Reiters syndrome]] | [[File:Feet-Reiters syndrome.jpg|alt=Feet in Reiters syndrome|left|thumb|Feet in Reiters syndrome]] | ||
== Signs and symptoms == | == Signs and symptoms == | ||
Symptoms of arthritis can include: | Symptoms of arthritis can include: | ||
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* Rash or itch. | * Rash or itch. | ||
* Gait problems etc. | * Gait problems etc. | ||
These symptoms may also be signs of other illnesses. | These symptoms may also be signs of other illnesses. | ||
== Cause == | == Cause == | ||
* Some genes have been identified in certain types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile arthritis. | * Some genes have been identified in certain types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile arthritis. | ||
* People with osteoarthritis may have inherited cartilage weakness. | * People with osteoarthritis may have inherited cartilage weakness. | ||
* If you have the gene, something in your environment may trigger the condition - in those that genetically predisposed, things such as repeated joint injury may lead to [[osteoarthritis]]. | * If you have the gene, something in your environment may trigger the condition - in those that genetically predisposed, things such as repeated joint injury may lead to [[osteoarthritis]]. | ||
[[File:Septic arthritis of left hip joint with melioidosis.jpg|alt=Septic arthritis of left hip joint with melioidosis|thumb|Septic arthritis of left hip joint with melioidosis]] | [[File:Septic arthritis of left hip joint with melioidosis.jpg|alt=Septic arthritis of left hip joint with melioidosis|left|thumb|Septic arthritis of left hip joint with melioidosis]] | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
The arthropathies are diagnosed with a detailed medical history, physical exam, blood tests, joint fluid aspiration and or culture at times, x-rays, CT scan or MRI etc. | The arthropathies are diagnosed with a detailed medical history, physical exam, blood tests, joint fluid aspiration and or culture at times, x-rays, CT scan or MRI etc. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment depends on the cause. If the joint disease is due to another systemic problem, then treat the underlying disease such as [[lupus]], [[psoriasis]] etc. | Treatment depends on the cause. If the joint disease is due to another systemic problem, then treat the underlying disease such as [[lupus]], [[psoriasis]] etc. | ||
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* Medications that may slow the course of the disease and prevent further damage to joints or other parts of the body. | * Medications that may slow the course of the disease and prevent further damage to joints or other parts of the body. | ||
* Surgery, such as joint replacement. | * Surgery, such as joint replacement. | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Preventing injuries, reducing risk of crystal deposition such as dietary changes in terms of [[gout]], timely treatment of any underlying disease etc. | Preventing injuries, reducing risk of crystal deposition such as dietary changes in terms of [[gout]], timely treatment of any underlying disease etc. | ||
[[File:Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis - Rheumatoid arthritis -- Smart-Servier.png|alt=Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis|thumb|Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis]] | [[File:Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis - Rheumatoid arthritis -- Smart-Servier.png|alt=Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis|left|thumb|Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis]] | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* '''[[Gout]]''' | * '''[[Gout]]''' | ||
* '''[[Hereditary haemochromatosis]]''' | * '''[[Hereditary haemochromatosis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]''' | * '''[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Familial Mediterranean fever affecting joints]]''' | * '''[[Familial Mediterranean fever affecting joints]]''' | ||
* '''[[Osteoarthritis]]''' | * '''[[Osteoarthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Spondyloarthropathy]]''' | * '''[[Spondyloarthropathy]]''' | ||
* '''[[Septic arthritis]]''' | * '''[[Septic arthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Psoriatic arthritis]]''' | * '''[[Psoriatic arthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Juvenile idiopathic arthritis]]''' | * '''[[Juvenile idiopathic arthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Polyarthritis]]''' | * '''[[Polyarthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Reiters syndrome]]''' | * '''[[Reiters syndrome]]''' | ||
* '''[[Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease]]''' | * '''[[Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease]]''' | ||
* '''[[Reactive arthritis]]''' | * '''[[Reactive arthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Inflammatory arthritis]]''' | * '''[[Inflammatory arthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Hemarthrosis]]''' | * '''[[Hemarthrosis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Shoulder arthritis]]''' | * '''[[Shoulder arthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Oligoarthritis]]''' | * '''[[Oligoarthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Adult-onset Still's disease]]''' | * '''[[Adult-onset Still's disease]]''' | ||
* '''[[Epidemic polyarthritis]]''' | * '''[[Epidemic polyarthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Knee arthritis]]''' | * '''[[Knee arthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Enteropathic arthropathy]]''' | * '''[[Enteropathic arthropathy]]''' | ||
* '''[[Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis]]''' | * '''[[Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis]]''' | ||
* '''[[Jaccoud arthropathy]]''' | * '''[[Jaccoud arthropathy]]''' | ||
* '''[[Rheumatoid disease of the spine]]''' | * '''[[Rheumatoid disease of the spine]]''' | ||
* '''[[Post-traumatic arthritis]]''' | * '''[[Post-traumatic arthritis]]''' | ||
{{Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue}} | {{Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue}} | ||
{{Soft tissue disorders}} | {{Soft tissue disorders}} | ||
[[Category:Inflammatory polyarthropathies]] | [[Category:Inflammatory polyarthropathies]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious arthropathies]] | [[Category:Infectious arthropathies]] | ||
[[Category:Arthropathies|*]] | [[Category:Arthropathies|*]] | ||
{{stub}}</translate> | {{stub}}</translate> | ||
Latest revision as of 17:08, 4 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Arthropathy | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Joint pain, swelling, stiffness |
| Complications | Joint deformity, loss of function |
| Onset | Varies depending on type |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis |
| Causes | Autoimmune disease, infection, metabolic disorder, trauma |
| Risks | Age, genetics, obesity, joint injury |
| Diagnosis | Physical examination, imaging studies, blood tests |
| Differential diagnosis | Bursitis, tendinitis, fibromyalgia |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Medication, physical therapy, surgery |
| Medication | NSAIDs, corticosteroids, DMARDs, biologics |
| Prognosis | Varies; often chronic |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
<languages /><translate>
Any disorder of the joints such as arthritis.
Etiology[edit]
The word Arthropathy comes from two Greek words:Arthron which means joint and Pathos which means suffering or disease.
Types[edit]
Arthropathy can be of different types: It can be inflammatory such as rheumatoid arthritis, degenerative such as osteoarthritis, reactive such as lupus or psoriatic arthritis, crystal deposition such as gout or pseudogout based on etiology and they can also be congenital or acquired.
Some examples of arthritis / arthropathy:
- Ankylosing Spondylitis is arthritis that affects the spine.
- Gout is caused by crystals that build up in the joints.
- Juvenile arthritis is the term used to describe arthritis in children.
- Osteoarthritis usually comes with age and most often affects the fingers, knees, and hips. Sometimes osteoarthritis follows a joint injury.
- Psoriatic arthritis can occur in people who have psoriasis (scaly red and white skin patches) that affects the skin, joints, and areas where tissues attach to bone.
- Reactive arthritis is pain or swelling in a joint that is caused by an infection in your body.
- Rheumatoid arthritis an autoimmune disease that happens when the body’s own defense system doesn’t work properly.
Arthritis is seen with other conditions are called reactive arthropathy such as:
- Lupus happens when the body’s defense system harms the joints, heart, skin, kidneys, and other organs.
- Infection that gets into a joint and destroys the cushion between the bones.
Classification of joint diseases[edit]
Joint diseases can be classified as follows:
- Infectious arthritis
- Septic arthritis (infectious)
- Tuberculosis arthritis
- Reactive arthritis (indirectly)
- Noninfectious arthritis
- Hemarthrosis (joint bleeding)
- Synovitis is the medical term for inflammation of the synovial membrane.
- Joint dislocation
With arthropathy in the name[edit]
- Reactive arthropathy (M02-M03) is caused by an infection, but not a direct infection of the synovial space. (See also Reactive arthritis)
- Enteropathic arthropathy (M07) is caused by colitis and related conditions.
- Crystal arthropathy (also known as crystal arthritis) (M10-M11) involves the deposition of crystals in the joint.
- In gout, the crystal is uric acid.
- In pseudogout/chondrocalcinosis/calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease, the crystal is calcium pyrophosphate.
- Diabetic arthropathy (M14.2, E10-E14) is caused by diabetes.
- Neuropathic arthropathy (M14.6) is associated with a loss of sensation.
Spondylarthropathy is any form of arthropathy of the vertebral column.
Signs and symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of arthritis can include:
- Pain, redness, heat, and swelling in your joints.
- Trouble moving around.
- Fever.
- Weight loss.
- Breathing problems.
- Rash or itch.
- Gait problems etc.
These symptoms may also be signs of other illnesses.
Cause[edit]
- Some genes have been identified in certain types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile arthritis.
- People with osteoarthritis may have inherited cartilage weakness.
- If you have the gene, something in your environment may trigger the condition - in those that genetically predisposed, things such as repeated joint injury may lead to osteoarthritis.
Diagnosis[edit]
The arthropathies are diagnosed with a detailed medical history, physical exam, blood tests, joint fluid aspiration and or culture at times, x-rays, CT scan or MRI etc.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment depends on the cause. If the joint disease is due to another systemic problem, then treat the underlying disease such as lupus, psoriasis etc. Possible treatments include:
- Medications such Pain relievers that are taken by mouth, creams or ointments that are rubbed into the skin over sore muscles or joints to relieve pain.
- Medications that may slow the course of the disease and prevent further damage to joints or other parts of the body.
- Surgery, such as joint replacement.
Prevention[edit]
Preventing injuries, reducing risk of crystal deposition such as dietary changes in terms of gout, timely treatment of any underlying disease etc.
See also[edit]
- Gout
- Hereditary haemochromatosis
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Familial Mediterranean fever affecting joints
- Osteoarthritis
- Spondyloarthropathy
- Septic arthritis
- Psoriatic arthritis
- Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- Polyarthritis
- Reiters syndrome
- Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease
- Reactive arthritis
- Inflammatory arthritis
- Hemarthrosis
- Shoulder arthritis
- Oligoarthritis
- Adult-onset Still's disease
- Epidemic polyarthritis
- Knee arthritis
- Enteropathic arthropathy
- Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- Jaccoud arthropathy
- Rheumatoid disease of the spine
- Post-traumatic arthritis
| Diseases of joints | ||||||||
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| Soft tissue disorders | ||||||||||||||||||||
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