Rhabdomyolysis
Rhabdomyolysis (/ræbdɵmaɪ'oʊlaɪsɪs/; from Greek: rhabdo- "rod", myo- "muscle", -lysis "breakdown") is a serious syndrome due to a direct or indirect muscle injury. It results from the death of muscle fibers and release of their contents into the bloodstream. This can lead to serious complications such as renal failure (kidney failure) - this means the kidneys cannot remove waste and concentrated urine.
Etymology
The term Rhabdomyolysis is derived from the Greek words rhabdo meaning rod, myo meaning muscle, and lysis meaning breakdown.
Causes
Rhabdomyolysis can be caused by various factors, including:
- Physical trauma, such as a crush injury or severe burns
- Extreme physical exertion, such as marathon running or intense weight lifting
- Viral infections, such as influenza or HIV
- Metabolic disorders, such as diabetes or hypothyroidism
- Medications and drugs, including statins, antipsychotics, and cocaine
Symptoms
Common symptoms of Rhabdomyolysis include:
- Muscle pain in the shoulders, thighs, or lower back
- Muscle weakness or trouble moving arms and legs
- Dark, red, or cola-colored urine
- Fatigue
- Irregular heartbeat
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Rhabdomyolysis typically involves blood tests to detect elevated levels of muscle enzymes, and urine tests to detect the presence of myoglobin, a protein released when muscle tissue breaks down.
Treatment
Treatment for Rhabdomyolysis typically involves treating the underlying cause, managing symptoms, and preventing complications. This may include intravenous fluids to prevent kidney damage, and medications to manage pain and other symptoms.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Rhabdomyolysis
- Wikipedia's article - Rhabdomyolysis
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