Cavg

From Food & Medicine Encyclopedia

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Synonyms N/A
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Chest pain, shortness of breath
Complications Myocardial infarction, stroke
Onset
Duration
Types
Causes Coronary artery disease
Risks Smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia
Diagnosis Coronary angiography
Differential diagnosis N/A
Prevention N/A
Treatment Surgery
Medication
Prognosis
Frequency
Deaths N/A


Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is a surgical procedure used to treat coronary artery disease (CAD). It is one of the most common types of open-heart surgery performed in adults.

Indications[edit]

CABG is indicated for patients with significant coronary artery disease, particularly when there is:

  • Severe angina that cannot be controlled with medication or other treatments.
  • Blockage of the left main coronary artery or multiple coronary arteries.
  • Failure of other treatments such as angioplasty or stenting.
  • High risk of heart attack due to severe blockages.

Procedure[edit]

The procedure involves taking a healthy blood vessel from another part of the body, often the saphenous vein from the leg or the internal mammary artery from the chest, and grafting it onto the blocked coronary artery. This creates a new pathway for blood to flow to the heart muscle.

Preparation[edit]

Before the surgery, patients undergo a thorough evaluation including:

  • Coronary angiography to visualize the blockages.
  • Echocardiogram to assess heart function.
  • Blood tests and other diagnostic tests to ensure the patient is fit for surgery.

Surgical Technique[edit]

The surgery is performed under general anesthesia. The steps include: 1. Making an incision in the chest to access the heart. 2. Harvesting the graft vessel from the leg or chest. 3. Attaching the graft to the coronary artery beyond the blockage. 4. Restarting the heart and closing the chest incision.

Postoperative Care[edit]

After surgery, patients are monitored in the intensive care unit (ICU) for a few days. Recovery involves:

Complications[edit]

Potential complications of CABG include:

Prognosis[edit]

The prognosis after CABG is generally good, with many patients experiencing relief from symptoms and a reduced risk of heart attack. Long-term success depends on lifestyle changes such as:

See also[edit]

External links[edit]

  • [American Heart Association]
  • [National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute]



Cardiovascular disease A-Z

Most common cardiac diseases

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Surgery
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General procedures

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