Chickens

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Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Chickens (Latin: Gallus gallus domesticus) are a type of domesticated fowl, a subspecies of the red junglefowl. They are one of the most common and widespread domestic animals, with a total population of 23.7 billion as of 2018.

Pronunciation

  • UK: /ˈtʃɪkɪn/
  • US: /ˈtʃɪkən/

Etymology

The word "chicken" comes from the Old English "cicen", which is thought to have been derived from the Latin "cicinus", meaning "young fowl". The Latin word itself may have been borrowed from a Celtic language.

Anatomy

Chickens have a body covered with feathers and they have two wings and two legs. They have a small head with a short beak. Inside the beak, they have a hard palate for crushing food. Chickens also have a crop, an organ located in their throat, where food is stored before it is digested.

Health

Chickens can suffer from a variety of diseases and health issues, including avian influenza, Newcastle disease, and fowl cholera. Many of these diseases can be prevented or treated with proper veterinary care.

Breeds

There are hundreds of chicken breeds in existence. Domesticated chickens are often bred for their meat, eggs, or feathers. Some popular breeds include the Rhode Island Red, Plymouth Rock, and Leghorn.

Related Terms

  • Fowl: Birds that are raised for their meat, eggs, or feathers.
  • Poultry: Domesticated birds kept by humans for their eggs, meat, or feathers.
  • Broiler: A chicken raised specifically for meat production.
  • Layer: A chicken raised specifically for egg production.
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