Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (pronounced: /taɪp tuː daɪəˈbiːtiːz ˈmɛlɪtəs/), often referred to as simply type 2 diabetes, is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.
Etymology
The term "diabetes" is derived from the Greek word diabainein, which means "to pass through," referring to the excessive amount of urine produced by individuals with the condition. The term "mellitus" is Latin for "sweetened with honey," referring to the presence of sugar in the urine and blood of individuals with diabetes. The term "type 2" distinguishes this form of diabetes from type 1 diabetes, which is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus include frequent urination, increased thirst, constant hunger, weight loss, tiredness, blurred vision, slow healing of wounds, and frequent infections.
Causes
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is primarily caused by lifestyle factors and genetics. A combination of excessive body weight and insufficient exercise contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes. Other risk factors include a diet high in processed and unhealthy foods, smoking, and a family history of diabetes.
Treatment
Treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus typically involves lifestyle changes, such as increased physical activity and dietary modifications. Medications may also be prescribed to manage blood sugar levels. In some cases, insulin therapy may be necessary.
Related terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Wikipedia's article - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
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