Kounis syndrome
Kounis Syndrome (pronounced: koo-nis sin-drome) is a medical condition that involves the simultaneous occurrence of acute coronary syndromes and allergic or hypersensitivity reactions. This syndrome was first described by Nicholas Kounis and Zavras in 1991.
Etymology
The term "Kounis Syndrome" is named after the Greek cardiologist, Nicholas Kounis, who first described this syndrome in 1991.
Definition
Kounis Syndrome is a rare condition that involves the combination of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms and allergic or hypersensitivity reactions. These reactions can be triggered by various factors, including drugs, food, environmental exposures, and insect bites.
Types
There are three types of Kounis Syndrome:
- Type I: Patients with no predisposing cardiovascular disease experience acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms due to allergic reaction or anaphylaxis.
- Type II: Patients with pre-existing atheromatous disease experience acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms due to allergic reaction or anaphylaxis.
- Type III: Patients with coronary thrombosis (clot in the coronary artery) and stent thrombosis with eosinophil and mast cell infiltration in the thrombus material.
Symptoms
The symptoms of Kounis Syndrome can vary depending on the type. However, common symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, and signs of an allergic reaction such as skin rash, hives, swelling, and difficulty breathing.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Kounis Syndrome can be challenging due to its rarity and the wide range of potential triggers. It is often diagnosed based on the patient's medical history, symptoms, and the presence of both allergic reaction and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms.
Treatment
Treatment of Kounis Syndrome involves managing both the allergic reaction and the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms. This can involve a combination of antihistamines, bronchodilators, and cardiovascular treatments such as nitroglycerin and beta-blockers.
Related Terms
- Acute coronary syndrome
- Allergic reaction
- Anaphylaxis
- Atheromatous disease
- Coronary thrombosis
- Stent thrombosis
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Kounis syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Kounis syndrome
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