Azoospermia
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| Azoospermia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Absence of sperm in semen |
| Complications | Infertility |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | Obstructive azoospermia, Non-obstructive azoospermia |
| Causes | Genetic disorders, Hormonal imbalance, Obstruction |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Semen analysis, Testicular biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Surgery, Hormone therapy, Assisted reproductive technology |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | |
| Frequency | Affects about 1% of the male population |
| Deaths | N/A |
Pronunciation[edit]
Azoospermia is pronounced AY-zoh-oh-SPER-mee-uh)
Definition[edit]
Azoospermia is a condition in which there are no sperm in the semen when a man ejaculates.
Causes[edit]
This may be because the man does not make sperm or because the sperm is blocked from entering the semen.
Hormonal causes[edit]
Azoospermia may be caused by hormone problems also.
Genetic causes[edit]
Certain genetic conditions
Vasectomy[edit]
History of previous vasectomy or other surgery, or other conditions.
Cancer treatments[edit]
Azoospermia may also be caused by certain cancer treatments.
Infertility[edit]
Azoospermia can cause infertility or inability to produce children.
Symptoms[edit]
Azoospermia usually presents with infertility, sometimes with reduced or loss of libido.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis is through history, physical examination, semen analysis, and imaging studies as needed. Check for history of hormone/steroid therapy, antibiotics, 5-ASA inhibitors (sulfasalazine), alpha-blockers, 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors, chemotherapeutic agents, pesticides, recreational drugs (marijuana, excessive alcohol), and heat exposure of the testes, prior surgeries, or trauma etc.
Treatment[edit]
Some conditions are treatable such as pre and post testicular azoospermia while testicular azoospermia is usually permanent.
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| Male diseases of the pelvis and genitals | ||||||
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