Azoospermia: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Azoospermia | |||
| image = [[File:Semen_analysis.JPG|250px]] | |||
| caption = [[Semen analysis]] showing no sperm cells | |||
| field = [[Andrology]] | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| symptoms = Absence of [[sperm]] in [[semen]] | |||
| complications = [[Infertility]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| types = [[Obstructive azoospermia]], [[Non-obstructive azoospermia]] | |||
| causes = [[Genetic disorders]], [[Hormonal imbalance]], [[Obstruction]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Semen analysis]], [[Testicular biopsy]] | |||
| differential = | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = [[Surgery]], [[Hormone therapy]], [[Assisted reproductive technology]] | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = | |||
| frequency = Affects about 1% of the male population | |||
}} | |||
== Pronunciation == | == Pronunciation == | ||
'''Azoospermia''' is pronounced AY-zoh-oh-SPER-mee-uh) | '''Azoospermia''' is pronounced AY-zoh-oh-SPER-mee-uh) | ||
== Definition == | == Definition == | ||
Azoospermia is a condition in which there are no [[sperm]] in the [[semen]] when a [[man]] [[ejaculation|ejaculates]]. | Azoospermia is a condition in which there are no [[sperm]] in the [[semen]] when a [[man]] [[ejaculation|ejaculates]]. | ||
[[File:Semen analysis.JPG|alt=Semen analysis|thumb|Semen analysis]] | [[File:Semen analysis.JPG|alt=Semen analysis|left|thumb|Semen analysis]] | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
This may be because the man does not make [[sperm]] or because the sperm is blocked from entering the semen. | This may be because the man does not make [[sperm]] or because the sperm is blocked from entering the semen. | ||
== Hormonal causes == | == Hormonal causes == | ||
Azoospermia may be caused by hormone problems also. | Azoospermia may be caused by hormone problems also. | ||
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== Genetic causes == | == Genetic causes == | ||
Certain genetic conditions | Certain genetic conditions | ||
== Vasectomy == | == Vasectomy == | ||
History of previous vasectomy or other surgery, or other conditions. | History of previous vasectomy or other surgery, or other conditions. | ||
== Cancer treatments == | == Cancer treatments == | ||
Azoospermia may also be caused by certain [[cancer]] treatments. | Azoospermia may also be caused by certain [[cancer]] treatments. | ||
== Infertility == | == Infertility == | ||
Azoospermia can cause [[infertility]] or inability to produce children. | Azoospermia can cause [[infertility]] or inability to produce children. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
Azoospermia usually presents with [[infertility]], sometimes with reduced or loss of [[libido]]. | Azoospermia usually presents with [[infertility]], sometimes with reduced or loss of [[libido]]. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis is through history, physical examination, semen analysis, and imaging studies as needed. Check for history of hormone/steroid therapy, antibiotics, 5-ASA inhibitors (sulfasalazine), alpha-blockers, 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors, chemotherapeutic agents, pesticides, recreational drugs (marijuana, excessive alcohol), and heat exposure of the testes, prior surgeries, or trauma etc. | Diagnosis is through history, physical examination, semen analysis, and imaging studies as needed. Check for history of hormone/steroid therapy, antibiotics, 5-ASA inhibitors (sulfasalazine), alpha-blockers, 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors, chemotherapeutic agents, pesticides, recreational drugs (marijuana, excessive alcohol), and heat exposure of the testes, prior surgeries, or trauma etc. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Some conditions are treatable such as pre and post testicular azoospermia while testicular azoospermia is usually permanent. | Some conditions are treatable such as pre and post testicular azoospermia while testicular azoospermia is usually permanent. | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{Male diseases of the pelvis and genitals}} | {{Male diseases of the pelvis and genitals}} | ||
[[Category:Testicular infertility factors]] | [[Category:Testicular infertility factors]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:12, 4 April 2025
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| Azoospermia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Absence of sperm in semen |
| Complications | Infertility |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | Obstructive azoospermia, Non-obstructive azoospermia |
| Causes | Genetic disorders, Hormonal imbalance, Obstruction |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Semen analysis, Testicular biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Surgery, Hormone therapy, Assisted reproductive technology |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | |
| Frequency | Affects about 1% of the male population |
| Deaths | N/A |
Pronunciation[edit]
Azoospermia is pronounced AY-zoh-oh-SPER-mee-uh)
Definition[edit]
Azoospermia is a condition in which there are no sperm in the semen when a man ejaculates.
Causes[edit]
This may be because the man does not make sperm or because the sperm is blocked from entering the semen.
Hormonal causes[edit]
Azoospermia may be caused by hormone problems also.
Genetic causes[edit]
Certain genetic conditions
Vasectomy[edit]
History of previous vasectomy or other surgery, or other conditions.
Cancer treatments[edit]
Azoospermia may also be caused by certain cancer treatments.
Infertility[edit]
Azoospermia can cause infertility or inability to produce children.
Symptoms[edit]
Azoospermia usually presents with infertility, sometimes with reduced or loss of libido.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis is through history, physical examination, semen analysis, and imaging studies as needed. Check for history of hormone/steroid therapy, antibiotics, 5-ASA inhibitors (sulfasalazine), alpha-blockers, 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors, chemotherapeutic agents, pesticides, recreational drugs (marijuana, excessive alcohol), and heat exposure of the testes, prior surgeries, or trauma etc.
Treatment[edit]
Some conditions are treatable such as pre and post testicular azoospermia while testicular azoospermia is usually permanent.
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