Vision

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Vision

Vision (/ˈvɪʒən/), from the Latin visio, meaning "sight", is the ability to interpret the surrounding environment by processing information contained in light rays entering the eye.

Anatomy of Vision

The process of vision involves several key components of the eye including the cornea, pupil, lens, and retina. Light enters the eye through the cornea, passes through the pupil (the opening in the iris), is focused by the lens, and is converted into neural signals by the retina.

Cornea

The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. It is responsible for focusing most of the light that enters the eye.

Pupil

The pupil is a hole located in the center of the iris of the eye that allows light to strike the retina. It adjusts size to control the amount of light that enters the eye.

Lens

The lens is a transparent, biconvex structure in the eye that, along with the cornea, helps to refract light to be focused on the retina.

Retina

The retina is a thin layer of tissue on the inside back wall of your eye. It contains millions of light-sensitive cells and other nerve cells that receive and organize visual information.

Process of Vision

The process of vision begins when light rays are focused on the retina, which contains light-sensitive photoreceptor cells. These cells convert the light into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. The brain then interprets these signals into the images we see.

Related Terms

  • Visual perception: The ability to interpret the surrounding environment by processing information contained in visible light.
  • Visual acuity: Clarity of vision, often measured with the use of a Snellen chart.
  • Visual field: The total area in which objects can be seen in the peripheral vision while the eye is focused on a central point.
  • Visual impairment: A decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses or medication.

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