Corneal endothelium
Corneal Endothelium
The Corneal Endothelium (/kɔːrˈniːl ˌɛndəˈθiːliəm/) is a single layer of cells located on the inner surface of the cornea. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the transparency of the cornea by regulating fluid and solute transport.
Etymology
The term "Corneal Endothelium" is derived from the Greek words "Kornea" meaning "horny", referring to the tough, clear layer of the eye, and "Endothelium", which refers to the thin layer of simple squamous cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.
Function
The primary function of the corneal endothelium is to maintain corneal transparency by regulating the hydration of the corneal stroma. It does this by facilitating the transport of solutes and fluid from the stroma to the anterior chamber of the eye.
Related Terms
- Cornea: The clear front surface of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.
- Endothelium: A thin layer of simple squamous cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.
- Stroma: The supportive, connective, and framework tissue of biological cells.
- Anterior Chamber: The fluid-filled space inside the eye between the iris and the cornea's innermost surface.
Diseases
Damage or disease of the corneal endothelium can lead to corneal edema and loss of vision. Some of the diseases that affect the corneal endothelium include Fuchs' Dystrophy and Bullous Keratopathy.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Corneal endothelium
- Wikipedia's article - Corneal endothelium
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