Developmental delay

Developmental delay is a term used to describe a child who is not achieving milestones within the broad range of what is considered normal. It is often divided into the categories of cognitive, social/emotional, and physical development.

Definition

Developmental delay is a condition where a child has slower physical or mental development than other children the same age. The child may have a delay in one or more areas of development, such as motor function, speech, or social and cognitive skills. Developmental milestones are tasks most children can do by a certain age. Children reach these milestones through playing, learning, interacting with the environment, and acquiring new skills.

Causes

There are many possible causes for developmental delay including genetic conditions like Down syndrome, complications during pregnancy, premature birth, and various environmental factors. Sometimes, however, the cause is unknown.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of developmental delay begins with a medical history and physical examination. This may be followed by a series of developmental tests. Early diagnosis and intervention is important to help improve the child's skills and abilities.

Treatment

Treatment for developmental delay is usually comprised of therapy services that include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, or behavioral therapy. The type of therapy a child receives is determined by the area of delay.

See also

• Developmental milestones
• Down syndrome
• Physical therapy
• Occupational therapy
• Speech therapy
• Behavioral therapy