Immunoglobulins

Immunoglobulins (pronounced: im·mu·no·glob·u·lin, /ˌimyənōˈɡläbyələn/) are a class of proteins that function as antibodies produced by the immune system in response to foreign substances known as antigens. The term "immunoglobulin" is derived from the Latin words "immunis" meaning exempt, and "globus" meaning sphere, referring to the protein's role in immunity.

Types of Immunoglobulins

There are five main types of immunoglobulins, each with a different role in the immune response:

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) - This is the most common type of immunoglobulin and is responsible for the majority of immune protection against pathogens.

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) - Found in mucous membranes and secretions, IgA plays a crucial role in protecting body surfaces exposed to foreign substances.

Immunoglobulin M (IgM) - This is the first immunoglobulin produced in response to an antigen and is primarily found in the blood and lymph fluid.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) - IgE is involved in allergic reactions and is responsible for triggering the release of histamine.

Immunoglobulin D (IgD) - The function of IgD is not entirely understood, but it is believed to play a role in the regulation of immune responses.

Related Terms

Antibody - A protein produced by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances, called antigens.

Antigen - Any substance that causes your immune system to produce antibodies against it.

Immune System - The body's defense against infectious organisms and other invaders.

Pathogen - A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Immunoglobulins
Wikipedia's article - Immunoglobulins

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Immunoglobulins