Aflatoxin
Aflatoxin
Aflatoxin (/ˈæfləˌtɒksɪn/) is a type of mycotoxin produced by certain species of the fungi Aspergillus, particularly Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus.
Etymology
The term "aflatoxin" is derived from A. flavus toxin. The "afla-" part of the name refers to the species A. flavus, while "-toxin" is a common suffix for poisonous substances.
Description
Aflatoxins are potent carcinogenic substances that can contaminate a variety of common crops, including peanuts, corn, and cottonseed. They are a significant concern in agriculture and food safety, as they can cause serious health problems in humans and animals if ingested in large amounts.
Types
There are several types of aflatoxins, including aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2, M1, and M2. Aflatoxin B1 is the most toxic and is associated with liver cancer.
Health Effects
Exposure to aflatoxins can lead to both acute and chronic health effects. Acute aflatoxicosis can result in severe hepatitis, which can be fatal. Chronic exposure can lead to liver cancer and has also been associated with malnutrition and immune suppression.
Prevention and Control
Prevention and control of aflatoxin contamination involve various strategies, including good agricultural practices, use of fungicides, and biological control methods.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Aflatoxin
- Wikipedia's article - Aflatoxin
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