Cidofovir

Information about Cidofovir

Cidofovir is a nucleoside analogue and antiviral agent which is used in therapy of serious cytomegalovirus infections in immunocompromised patients. Cidofovir has been associated with mild-to-moderate serum aminotransferase elevations during intravenous therapy, but has not been convincingly linked to cases of clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Mechanism of action of Cidofovir

Cidofovir (sye dof' oh vir) is an acyclic nucleoside monophosphate and cytosine analogue with potent activity against replication of several herpes viruses, including cytomegalovirus (CMV). Cidofovir is phosphorylated intracellularly and competes with cytosine, resulting in DNA chain termination and inhibition of DNA viral synthesis. Cidofovir has activity in cell culture against several herpes viruses, papilloma, polyoma, pox and adenoviruses. Cidofovir is poorly absorbed orally and must be given intravenously, usually administered with probenecid to inhibit its rapid renal excretion. Cidofovir is indicated for therapy of cytomegalovirus retinitis and off label is used to treat serious adenovirus and acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex infections in immunocompromised individuals. Cidofovir

FDA approval information for Cidofovir

Cidofovir was approved for use in the United States in 1996 and has limited use, largely because of its potential for nephrotoxicity. Cidofovir is available as an intravenous formulation of 75 mg/mL under the brand name of Vistide. The usually recommended dose in adults is 5 mg/kg infused over one hour, once weekly for two weeks, but dose modifications are required if there is renal insufficiency. Probenecid is given concurrently. Side effects include headache, dizziness, confusion, fever, fatigue, abdominal pain, renal dysfunction and rash. Drugs for HIV Infection, in the Subclass Antiretroviral Agents

• Fusion Inhibitors (HIV)
  • Enfuvirtide, Maraviroc

• Integrase Inhibitors (HIV)
  • Dolutegravir, Elvitegravir, Raltegravir

• Monoclonal Antibodies
  • Ibalizumab

• Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (HIV)
  • Delavirdine, Efavirenz, Etravirine, Nevirapine, Rilpivirine

• Nucleoside Analogues (HIV)
  • Abacavir, Didanosine, Emtricitabine, Lamivudine, Stavudine, Tenofovir, Zidovudine

• Protease Inhibitors (HIV)
  • Amprenavir, Atazanavir, Darunavir, Fosamprenavir, Indinavir, Lopinavir, Nelfinavir, Ritonavir, Saquinavir, Tipranavir

Drugs for Hepatitis B

• Alpha Interferon, Adefovir, Emtricitabine, Entecavir, Lamivudine, Telbivudine, Tenofovir

Drugs for Hepatitis C

• Interferon Based Therapies
  • Alpha Interferon and Peginterferon, Ribavirin

HCV NS5A Inhibitors

• Daclatasvir, Elbasvir, Ledipasvir, Ombitasvir, Pibrentasvir, Velpatasvir

HCV NS5B Inhibitors (Polymerase inhibitors)

• Dasabuvir, Sofosbuvir

HCV Protease Inhibitors

• Asunaprevir, Boceprevir, Glecaprevir, Grazoprevir, Paritaprevir, Simeprevir, Telaprevir, Voxilaprevir

Combination Therapies

• Epclusa, Harvoni, Mavyret, Technive, Viekira Pak, Vosevi, Zepatier

Drugs for Herpes Virus

• infections (HSV), CMV, others

Acyclovir, Cidofovir, Famciclovir, Foscarnet, Ganciclovir, Valacyclovir, Valganciclovir

Drugs for Influenza

• Amantadine, Oseltamivir, Peramivir, Rimantadine, Zanamivir

• Dailymed label info on Cidofovir
• FDA Cidofovir

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  Structure of Cidofovir
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  Synthesis of Cidofovir