Astrocytoma: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Astrocytoma | |||
| image = [[File:Astrocytoma.jpg|alt=Astrocytoma|upright=1.2]] | |||
| caption = MRI image showing an astrocytoma | |||
| field = [[Neuro-oncology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Headache]], [[seizures]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[vision problems]], [[personality changes]] | |||
| onset = Varies by type; can occur at any age | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| types = [[Pilocytic astrocytoma]], [[Diffuse astrocytoma]], [[Anaplastic astrocytoma]], [[Glioblastoma]] | |||
| causes = Unknown; risk factors include [[genetic syndromes]] such as [[neurofibromatosis]] | |||
| risks = [[Radiation exposure]], [[genetic predisposition]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[MRI]], [[CT scan]], [[biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Meningioma]], [[oligodendroglioma]], [[metastatic brain tumor]] | |||
| treatment = [[Surgery]], [[radiation therapy]], [[chemotherapy]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies by type and grade; generally poor for high-grade tumors | |||
| frequency = Approximately 5 per 100,000 people per year | |||
| deaths = Varies by type and grade; high-grade tumors have higher mortality | |||
}} | |||
== Astrocytoma == | == Astrocytoma == | ||
[[File:Astrocytoma.jpg|thumb | [[File:Astrocytoma.jpg|left|thumb|MRI scan showing an Astrocytoma in the brain.]] | ||
'''Astrocytoma''' is a type of [[tumor]] that originates in the [[brain]] or [[spinal cord]] and is characterized by astrocytic differentiation. Astrocytomas are part of a group of tumors known as gliomas and vary widely in their behavior and prognosis. | '''Astrocytoma''' is a type of [[tumor]] that originates in the [[brain]] or [[spinal cord]] and is characterized by astrocytic differentiation. Astrocytomas are part of a group of tumors known as gliomas and vary widely in their behavior and prognosis. | ||
== Types of Astrocytomas == | == Types of Astrocytomas == | ||
Astrocytomas are classified into several types, each with distinct characteristics: | Astrocytomas are classified into several types, each with distinct characteristics: | ||
=== Pilocytic Astrocytoma === | === Pilocytic Astrocytoma === | ||
[[File:Commons 20220404 000.jpg|left|thumb|Microscopic view of Pilocytic Astrocytoma.]] | |||
[[File:Commons 20220404 000.jpg|thumb|Microscopic view of Pilocytic Astrocytoma.]] | |||
A relatively benign form of astrocytoma typically found in children and young adults. | A relatively benign form of astrocytoma typically found in children and young adults. | ||
=== Diffuse Astrocytoma === | === Diffuse Astrocytoma === | ||
[[File:Astrocytoma, grade 2, T2-FLAIR-Mismatch.jpg|left|thumb|MRI image of a Diffuse Astrocytoma.]] | |||
[[File:Astrocytoma, grade 2, T2-FLAIR-Mismatch.jpg|thumb|MRI image of a Diffuse Astrocytoma.]] | |||
A slow-growing tumor that infiltrates surrounding brain tissue. | A slow-growing tumor that infiltrates surrounding brain tissue. | ||
=== Anaplastic Astrocytoma === | === Anaplastic Astrocytoma === | ||
[[File:405550-Gross-ANAPLASTIC ASTROCYTOMA.jpg|left|thumb|Histology of Anaplastic Astrocytoma.]] | |||
[[File:405550-Gross-ANAPLASTIC ASTROCYTOMA.jpg|thumb|Histology of Anaplastic Astrocytoma.]] | |||
A more aggressive and malignant form, characterized by rapid growth. | A more aggressive and malignant form, characterized by rapid growth. | ||
=== Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma === | === Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma === | ||
A rare tumor usually occurring in young adults, with a relatively favorable prognosis. | A rare tumor usually occurring in young adults, with a relatively favorable prognosis. | ||
=== Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma === | === Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma === | ||
[[File:T2 weighted MRI brain of pilocystic astrocytoma post operative with cystic and gliosis changes in left cerebellum.png|left|thumb|Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma.]] | |||
[[File:T2 weighted MRI brain of pilocystic astrocytoma post operative with cystic and gliosis changes in left cerebellum.png|thumb|Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma.]] | |||
Typically associated with tuberous sclerosis, these tumors are generally benign. | Typically associated with tuberous sclerosis, these tumors are generally benign. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
Symptoms of astrocytomas can vary based on the tumor's location and size and may include: | Symptoms of astrocytomas can vary based on the tumor's location and size and may include: | ||
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* Seizures | * Seizures | ||
* Neurological deficits (e.g., speech or vision problems) | * Neurological deficits (e.g., speech or vision problems) | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies like MRI or CT scans and a biopsy to confirm the tumor type. | Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies like MRI or CT scans and a biopsy to confirm the tumor type. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment depends on the type and grade of the tumor and may include: | Treatment depends on the type and grade of the tumor and may include: | ||
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* Radiation therapy | * Radiation therapy | ||
* Chemotherapy | * Chemotherapy | ||
{{tumorstub}} | {{tumorstub}} | ||
{{Medical resources | {{Medical resources | ||
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| MeSH = D001254 | | MeSH = D001254 | ||
}} | }} | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for astrocytoma patients varies widely depending on the tumor type, location, patient age, and overall health. | The prognosis for astrocytoma patients varies widely depending on the tumor type, location, patient age, and overall health. | ||
== External Links == | == External Links == | ||
* [https://www.cancer.org/cancer/brain-spinal-cord-tumors-adults/about/what-is-brain-spinal-cord-tumor.html American Cancer Society - Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors] | * [https://www.cancer.org/cancer/brain-spinal-cord-tumors-adults/about/what-is-brain-spinal-cord-tumor.html American Cancer Society - Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors] | ||
* [https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/brain-tumor/symptoms-causes/syc-20350084 Mayo Clinic - Brain Tumor] | * [https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/brain-tumor/symptoms-causes/syc-20350084 Mayo Clinic - Brain Tumor] | ||
[[Category:Neurological Disorders]] | [[Category:Neurological Disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Cancer]] | [[Category:Cancer]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:47, 4 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Astrocytoma | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Headache, seizures, nausea, vomiting, vision problems, personality changes |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Varies by type; can occur at any age |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | Pilocytic astrocytoma, Diffuse astrocytoma, Anaplastic astrocytoma, Glioblastoma |
| Causes | Unknown; risk factors include genetic syndromes such as neurofibromatosis |
| Risks | Radiation exposure, genetic predisposition |
| Diagnosis | MRI, CT scan, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Meningioma, oligodendroglioma, metastatic brain tumor |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Varies by type and grade; generally poor for high-grade tumors |
| Frequency | Approximately 5 per 100,000 people per year |
| Deaths | Varies by type and grade; high-grade tumors have higher mortality |
Astrocytoma[edit]
Astrocytoma is a type of tumor that originates in the brain or spinal cord and is characterized by astrocytic differentiation. Astrocytomas are part of a group of tumors known as gliomas and vary widely in their behavior and prognosis.
Types of Astrocytomas[edit]
Astrocytomas are classified into several types, each with distinct characteristics:
Pilocytic Astrocytoma[edit]
A relatively benign form of astrocytoma typically found in children and young adults.
Diffuse Astrocytoma[edit]
A slow-growing tumor that infiltrates surrounding brain tissue.
Anaplastic Astrocytoma[edit]
A more aggressive and malignant form, characterized by rapid growth.
Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma[edit]
A rare tumor usually occurring in young adults, with a relatively favorable prognosis.
Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma[edit]
Typically associated with tuberous sclerosis, these tumors are generally benign.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of astrocytomas can vary based on the tumor's location and size and may include:
- Headaches
- Seizures
- Neurological deficits (e.g., speech or vision problems)
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies like MRI or CT scans and a biopsy to confirm the tumor type.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment depends on the type and grade of the tumor and may include:
- Surgery
- Radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy
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Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for astrocytoma patients varies widely depending on the tumor type, location, patient age, and overall health.
External Links[edit]
| Tumours of the nervous system | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Note: Not all brain tumors are of nervous tissue, and not all nervous tissue tumors are in the brain (see brain metastasis).
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