Ganglioneuroblastoma

Ganglioneuroblastoma (pronounced: gang-lee-o-neuro-blast-oma) is a rare type of cancer that primarily affects children. It is a subtype of neuroblastoma, and is characterized by the presence of both malignant neuroblasts and benign ganglion cells.

Etymology

The term "ganglioneuroblastoma" is derived from three Greek words: "ganglion" (meaning a mass of nerve tissue), "neuro" (referring to nerves), and "blastoma" (indicating a tumor that develops from immature cells).

Definition

Ganglioneuroblastoma is a tumor that develops in the adrenal glands, which are small glands on top of each kidney. It can also develop along the spine, chest, abdomen, or pelvis. This type of tumor is a combination of neuroblastoma (a cancer that starts in immature nerve cells) and ganglioneuroma (a benign tumor that contains mature nerve cells).

Symptoms

Symptoms of ganglioneuroblastoma can vary widely depending on the location of the tumor. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, and a noticeable lump or swelling. Other symptoms may include hypertension (high blood pressure), diarrhea, and sweating.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of ganglioneuroblastoma typically involves a combination of medical imaging studies, laboratory tests, and a biopsy of the tumor. Imaging studies may include CT scan, MRI, or MIBG scan. Laboratory tests often involve checking the levels of certain hormones in the blood or urine.

Treatment

Treatment for ganglioneuroblastoma usually involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The specific treatment plan will depend on the size and location of the tumor, as well as the child's overall health.

Prognosis

The prognosis for ganglioneuroblastoma varies widely depending on the stage of the disease, the age of the patient, and the specific characteristics of the tumor. In general, younger patients and those with less advanced disease tend to have a better prognosis.

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Ganglioneuroblastoma
Wikipedia's article - Ganglioneuroblastoma

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Ganglioneuroblastoma