Placental abruption: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
No edit summary Tag: visualeditor-wikitext |
CSV import |
||
| (One intermediate revision by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
Placental abruption is the separation of the [[placenta]] from the wall of | {{SI}} | ||
[[File:Marginal and concealed placental abruption.jpg|alt=Marginal and concealed placental abruption|thumb|Marginal and concealed placental abruption]] | {{Infobox medical condition | ||
| name = Placental abruption | |||
| image = [[File:Blausen_0737_PlacentalAbruption.png|250px]] | |||
| caption = Illustration of placental abruption | |||
| field = [[Obstetrics]] | |||
| synonyms = Abruptio placentae | |||
| symptoms = [[Vaginal bleeding]], [[abdominal pain]], [[uterine contractions]] | |||
| complications = [[Disseminated intravascular coagulation]], [[fetal distress]], [[preterm birth]] | |||
| onset = [[Third trimester]] of [[pregnancy]] | |||
| duration = Varies | |||
| causes = [[Trauma]], [[hypertension]], [[cocaine use]], [[smoking]], [[multiple pregnancy]] | |||
| risks = [[Previous placental abruption]], [[preeclampsia]], [[advanced maternal age]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Ultrasound]], [[clinical presentation]] | |||
| differential = [[Placenta previa]], [[uterine rupture]] | |||
| prevention = [[Avoidance of risk factors]] | |||
| treatment = [[Delivery]], [[blood transfusion]], [[monitoring]] | |||
| prognosis = Depends on severity and gestational age | |||
| frequency = 1 in 200 pregnancies | |||
}} | |||
Placental abruption is the separation of the [[placenta]] from the wall of the [[uterus]] before child[[birth]], which causes severe [[bleeding]] that threatens the [[life]] of the [[mother]] and the [[fetus]] | |||
[[File:Marginal and concealed placental abruption.jpg|alt=Marginal and concealed placental abruption|left|thumb|Marginal and concealed placental abruption]] | |||
== What is placenta? == | == What is placenta? == | ||
The placenta is the organ that supplies food and oxygen to the baby during pregnancy. | The placenta is the organ that supplies food and oxygen to the baby during pregnancy. | ||
== Pathophysiology of placental abruption == | == Pathophysiology of placental abruption == | ||
Placental abruption occurs when the [[placenta]] detaches from the [[uterus]] before delivery. | Placental abruption occurs when the [[placenta]] detaches from the [[uterus]] before delivery. | ||
== Risk factors == | == Risk factors == | ||
* History of placental abruption in previous pregnancy | * History of placental abruption in previous pregnancy | ||
| Line 19: | Line 37: | ||
* An injury to the mother (such as a car crash or fall in which the abdomen was hit) | * An injury to the mother (such as a car crash or fall in which the abdomen was hit) | ||
* Being older than 40 | * Being older than 40 | ||
== Signs and symptoms == | == Signs and symptoms == | ||
The most common symptoms are [[vaginal bleeding]] and painful contractions. | The most common symptoms are [[vaginal bleeding]] and painful contractions. | ||
== Effect on the fetus == | == Effect on the fetus == | ||
Blood and oxygen supply to the baby may also be affected, leading to [[fetal distress]]. | Blood and oxygen supply to the baby may also be affected, leading to [[fetal distress]]. | ||
<youtube> | <youtube> | ||
title='''{{PAGENAME}}''' | title='''{{PAGENAME}}''' | ||
| Line 36: | Line 52: | ||
</youtube> | </youtube> | ||
== Cause == | == Cause == | ||
The cause is unknown, but high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, cocaine or alcohol use, injury to the mother, and having multiple pregnancies increase the risk for the condition. | The cause is unknown, but high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, cocaine or alcohol use, injury to the mother, and having multiple pregnancies increase the risk for the condition. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Physical exam including a vaginal examination | Physical exam including a vaginal examination | ||
Check contractions of the baby | Check contractions of the baby | ||
Ultrasound to placenta | Ultrasound to placenta | ||
Monitor Baby's heart rate and rhythm | Monitor Baby's heart rate and rhythm | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Keeping high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes under control | Keeping high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes under control | ||
Not using tobacco, alcohol, or cocaine | Not using tobacco, alcohol, or cocaine | ||
== Alternative Names == | == Alternative Names == | ||
Premature placental separation; Placental separation; Placental abruption; Vaginal bleeding - abruption; Pregnancy - abruption | Premature placental separation; Placental separation; Placental abruption; Vaginal bleeding - abruption; Pregnancy - abruption | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and can range from bed rest to emergency [[C-section]]. | Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and can range from bed rest to emergency [[C-section]]. | ||
{{Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium}} | {{Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium}} | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
[[Category:Health issues in pregnancy]] | [[Category:Health issues in pregnancy]] | ||
Latest revision as of 12:19, 12 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Placental abruption | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Abruptio placentae |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, uterine contractions |
| Complications | Disseminated intravascular coagulation, fetal distress, preterm birth |
| Onset | Third trimester of pregnancy |
| Duration | Varies |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Trauma, hypertension, cocaine use, smoking, multiple pregnancy |
| Risks | Previous placental abruption, preeclampsia, advanced maternal age |
| Diagnosis | Ultrasound, clinical presentation |
| Differential diagnosis | Placenta previa, uterine rupture |
| Prevention | Avoidance of risk factors |
| Treatment | Delivery, blood transfusion, monitoring |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Depends on severity and gestational age |
| Frequency | 1 in 200 pregnancies |
| Deaths | N/A |
Placental abruption is the separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus before childbirth, which causes severe bleeding that threatens the life of the mother and the fetus
What is placenta?[edit]
The placenta is the organ that supplies food and oxygen to the baby during pregnancy.
Pathophysiology of placental abruption[edit]
Placental abruption occurs when the placenta detaches from the uterus before delivery.
Risk factors[edit]
- History of placental abruption in previous pregnancy
- Long-term (chronic) high blood pressure
- Sudden high blood pressure in pregnant women who had normal blood pressure in the past
- Heart disease
- Abdominal trauma
- Smoking
- Alcohol or cocaine use
- Placental abruption in an earlier pregnancy
- Fibroids in the uterus
- An injury to the mother (such as a car crash or fall in which the abdomen was hit)
- Being older than 40
Signs and symptoms[edit]
The most common symptoms are vaginal bleeding and painful contractions.
Effect on the fetus[edit]
Blood and oxygen supply to the baby may also be affected, leading to fetal distress.
Cause[edit]
The cause is unknown, but high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, cocaine or alcohol use, injury to the mother, and having multiple pregnancies increase the risk for the condition.
Diagnosis[edit]
Physical exam including a vaginal examination Check contractions of the baby Ultrasound to placenta Monitor Baby's heart rate and rhythm
Prevention[edit]
Keeping high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes under control Not using tobacco, alcohol, or cocaine
Alternative Names[edit]
Premature placental separation; Placental separation; Placental abruption; Vaginal bleeding - abruption; Pregnancy - abruption
Treatment[edit]
Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and can range from bed rest to emergency C-section.
| Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
* ' Category'
|
