Astrocytoma
(Redirected from Astrocytomas)
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| Astrocytoma | |
|---|---|
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| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Headache, seizures, nausea, vomiting, vision problems, personality changes |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Varies by type; can occur at any age |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | Pilocytic astrocytoma, Diffuse astrocytoma, Anaplastic astrocytoma, Glioblastoma |
| Causes | Unknown; risk factors include genetic syndromes such as neurofibromatosis |
| Risks | Radiation exposure, genetic predisposition |
| Diagnosis | MRI, CT scan, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Meningioma, oligodendroglioma, metastatic brain tumor |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Varies by type and grade; generally poor for high-grade tumors |
| Frequency | Approximately 5 per 100,000 people per year |
| Deaths | Varies by type and grade; high-grade tumors have higher mortality |
Astrocytoma
Astrocytoma is a type of tumor that originates in the brain or spinal cord and is characterized by astrocytic differentiation. Astrocytomas are part of a group of tumors known as gliomas and vary widely in their behavior and prognosis.
Types of Astrocytomas
Astrocytomas are classified into several types, each with distinct characteristics:
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
A relatively benign form of astrocytoma typically found in children and young adults.
Diffuse Astrocytoma
A slow-growing tumor that infiltrates surrounding brain tissue.
Anaplastic Astrocytoma
A more aggressive and malignant form, characterized by rapid growth.
Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma
A rare tumor usually occurring in young adults, with a relatively favorable prognosis.
Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma
Typically associated with tuberous sclerosis, these tumors are generally benign.
Symptoms
Symptoms of astrocytomas can vary based on the tumor's location and size and may include:
- Headaches
- Seizures
- Neurological deficits (e.g., speech or vision problems)
Diagnosis
Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies like MRI or CT scans and a biopsy to confirm the tumor type.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the type and grade of the tumor and may include:
- Surgery
- Radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy
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Prognosis
The prognosis for astrocytoma patients varies widely depending on the tumor type, location, patient age, and overall health.
External Links
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Note: Not all brain tumors are of nervous tissue, and not all nervous tissue tumors are in the brain (see brain metastasis).
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Contributors: Kondreddy Naveen, Prab R. Tumpati, MD
