Hemorrhagic colitis
Hemorrhagic Colitis
Hemorrhagic colitis (/hɪˈmɒrɪdʒɪk kəˈlaɪtɪs/), also known as bloody diarrhea, is an acute form of gastroenteritis that results in stool mixed with blood and is often linked to abdominal pain. The condition is usually caused by infection with certain strains of the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli), particularly E. coli O157:H7.
Etymology
The term "hemorrhagic colitis" is derived from the Greek words "haima" (blood), "rhegnumai" (to break), and "kolon" (large intestine). Thus, it literally means "bleeding of the large intestine."
Symptoms
The primary symptom of hemorrhagic colitis is bloody diarrhea. Other symptoms may include severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever. In severe cases, the condition can lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome, a serious condition that can cause kidney failure.
Causes
Hemorrhagic colitis is most commonly caused by the bacterium Escherichia coli O157:H7, which is often found in contaminated food or water. Other bacteria, such as Shigella and Salmonella, can also cause this condition.
Treatment
Treatment for hemorrhagic colitis primarily involves supportive care, including hydration and symptom management. In some cases, antibiotics may be used, although their use is controversial due to the risk of triggering hemolytic uremic syndrome.
Prevention
Prevention of hemorrhagic colitis involves proper food handling and preparation, as well as good personal hygiene. Vaccines are currently being developed to prevent infection with E. coli O157:H7.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hemorrhagic colitis
- Wikipedia's article - Hemorrhagic colitis
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