Gliomas
Gliomas
Gliomas (/ɡliˈoʊməz/; singular: glioma) are a type of tumor that occurs in the brain and spinal cord. They are called gliomas because they arise from glial cells, the brain's supportive tissue.
Etymology
The term "glioma" is derived from the Greek word "glia," which means "glue," and "oma," a suffix used in medical terminology to indicate a tumor. The name reflects the role of glial cells in the brain, which is to support and protect the brain's neurons.
Types of Gliomas
Gliomas are classified by the type of glial cell involved in the tumor. The main types include:
- Astrocytomas, including glioblastoma, the most aggressive type
- Oligodendrogliomas
- Ependymomas
Symptoms
The symptoms of gliomas depend on which part of the central nervous system (CNS) is affected. A glioma in the brain can cause headaches, nausea, vomiting, and seizures. Gliomas can also cause problems with balance, memory, or vision, depending on their location in the brain or spinal cord.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of gliomas typically involves a neurological exam, imaging tests, and often a biopsy. The exact type of glioma is determined by how the cells look under a microscope and the results of molecular testing.
Treatment
Treatment for gliomas depends on the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of these treatments.
Prognosis
The prognosis for gliomas varies widely depending on the type and grade of the tumor, the patient's age and overall health, and other factors. Some gliomas are very aggressive and difficult to treat, while others are slow-growing and can be managed effectively for many years.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Gliomas
- Wikipedia's article - Gliomas
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