Mobile phone

From WikiMD's medical encyclopedia

(Redirected from Cell phones)

Mobile phone (also known as a cell phone in North America) is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area. The radio frequency link establishes a connection to the switching systems of a mobile phone operator, which provides access to the public switched telephone network (PSTN).

History

The first handheld mobile phone was demonstrated by John F. Mitchell and Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973, using a handset weighing 2 kilograms (4.4 lb). In 1983, the DynaTAC 8000x was the first commercially available handheld mobile phone. From 1983 to 2014, worldwide mobile phone subscriptions grew to over seven billion, penetrating 100% of the global population and reaching even the bottom of the economic pyramid.

Design

Mobile phones are commonly used to collect location data. While the phone is turned on, the geographical location of a mobile phone can be determined easily (whether it is being used or not) using a technique known as multilateration to calculate the differences in time for a signal to travel from the mobile phone to each of several cell towers near the owner of the phone.

Health effects

The effect of mobile phone radiation on human health is the subject of recent interest and study, as a result of the enormous increase in mobile phone usage throughout the world. Mobile phones use electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range, which some believe may be harmful to human health. A large body of research exists, both epidemiological and experimental, in non-human animals and in humans.

See also

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PubMed
Wikipedia

Mobile phone

  • Mobile Phone Evolution 1992 - 2014

  • 2007 Computex e21 Forum Martin Cooper

  • DynaTAC 8000X

  • Dupuis Haug GSM around 1990

  • Mobile phone PHS Japan 1997-2003

  • Active mobile broadband subscriptions 2007-2014

  • Frequency reuse

  • Typical cellphone SIM cards

  • Android phones

  • iPhone Text Message Amber Alert

  • Mobile phone subscribers 1997-2014 ITU

  • Mobile payment

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD