Diastasis recti

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Diastasis recti
Synonyms	Abdominal separation, Rectus diastasis
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Bulging of the abdomen, lower back pain
Complications	Hernia, Urinary incontinence, Pelvic pain
Onset	Commonly after pregnancy
Duration	Can be long-term if untreated
Types	N/A
Causes	Pregnancy, Obesity, Improper exercise
Risks	Multiple pregnancies, Older age, High birth weight
Diagnosis	Physical examination, Ultrasound
Differential diagnosis	Hernia, Obesity
Prevention	Exercise, Physical therapy
Treatment	Physical therapy, Surgery
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Common in postpartum women
Deaths	N/A

Diastasis recti in an old man

Ultrasonography of diastasis recti

Diastasis recti is a condition characterized by an abnormal separation of the rectus abdominis muscle, more commonly known as the "six-pack" muscle. This involves a widening of the gap between the two bands of this muscle by at least 2.7 cm due to the stretching of the linea alba, a fibrous structure made up of the interwoven aponeuroses of the abdominal muscles.<ref>

Diastasis Recti Abdominis(link). {{{website}}}. StatPearls.

</ref> Despite its noticeable physical presentation, diastasis recti is not typically associated with significant morbidity or mortality.<ref>

Diastasis Recti Abdominis: A Clinical Study(link). {{{website}}}. PubMed Central.

</ref>

Anatomy and Pathophysiology

The rectus abdominis muscle is a paired muscle that runs vertically on each side of the anterior abdominal wall. These muscle bands are joined by the linea alba. In diastasis recti, the linea alba is stretched, causing the muscles on either side to separate.<ref>,

 Abdominal diastasis recti/core weakness and its relationship with musculoskeletal dysfunction: a scoping review, 
 The Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy, 
 2018,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Full text,</ref>

The exact cause of diastasis recti remains unclear, but it is most commonly observed in pregnant and postpartum women due to the increased intra-abdominal pressure during pregnancy.<ref>

Diastasis Recti Abdominis and Pregnancy(link). {{{website}}}. PubMed Central.

</ref>

Clinical Presentation

Diastasis recti presents as a protrusion or bulge in the midline of the abdomen, especially noticeable when the abdominal muscles are contracted, such as when sitting up from a lying-down position. Despite the distinct physical presentation, the condition is usually painless and does not interfere with the muscle's function or strength.<ref>,

 Diastasis recti abdominis - a review of treatment methods, 
 Ginekologia Polska, 
 2019,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Full text,</ref>

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of diastasis recti is typically clinical, based on physical examination. The patient is usually examined in a supine position while lifting their head and shoulders off the examination table. The examiner palpates the linea alba at and above the umbilicus to estimate the width of separation between the two rectus abdominis muscles.<ref>

Diagnosis and Management of Diastasis Recti(link). {{{website}}}. American Family Physician.

</ref>

Management and Treatment

Management of diastasis recti primarily focuses on physiotherapy with specific exercises to strengthen the core muscles. This includes the transversus abdominis, the internal oblique, and the external oblique muscles. In some cases, surgery may be considered if conservative treatment fails to provide satisfactory results.<ref>,

 Physiotherapy for Patients with Diastasis of the Recti Abdominis Muscles: A Systematic Review of the Literature, 
 Journal of Women's Health Physical Therapy, 
 2019,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Full text,</ref>

See Also

• Abdominal exercise
• Pregnancy

References

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