Capital punishment
Capital Punishment
Capital punishment (pronounced: /ˈkapɪtəl ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/), also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime. The term capital originates from the Latin capitalis, which literally means "regarding the head" (referring to execution by beheading).
Etymology
The term capital punishment comes from the Latin word capitalis, meaning "of the head", which in turn is derived from caput, meaning "head". This is a reference to the historical practice of beheading as a form of execution.
History
Capital punishment has been used in societies throughout history as a way to punish crime and suppress political dissent. It has also been used as a form of revenge and retribution. The use of formal execution extends to the beginning of recorded history. Most historical records and various primitive tribal practices indicate that the death penalty was a part of their justice system.
Methods
There are several methods of capital punishment. These include lethal injection, electrocution, gas chamber, hanging, and firing squad. The method used can vary depending on the country, state, or even individual case.
Debate
The use of capital punishment is a subject of debate. Arguments for and against it are based on moral, practical, and legal grounds. Advocates of capital punishment argue that it deters crime, prevents recidivism, and is an appropriate form of punishment for the crime of murder. Opponents of capital punishment argue that it is cruel and inhumane, that it does not deter crime, and that it can result in the execution of innocent people.
Related Terms
- Crime: An act committed in violation of a law prohibiting it and for which a punishment has been prescribed.
- Execution: The carrying out of a death sentence by the state.
- Death row: A place in a prison that houses inmates awaiting their execution.
- Life imprisonment: A sentence of imprisonment for a serious crime under which the convicted person is to remain in jail for the rest of their life.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Capital punishment
- Wikipedia's article - Capital punishment
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