Blood Tests

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Blood Tests

Blood tests (/blʌd tɛsts/) are laboratory examinations performed on a blood sample that are used to determine physiological and biochemical states, such as disease, mineral content, pharmaceutical drug effectiveness, and organ function.

Etymology

The term "blood test" is derived from the Old English blōd and the Middle English test, which originally referred to a small vessel used in testing precious metals.

Types of Blood Tests

There are several types of blood tests, including:

  • Complete Blood Count (CBC): This is the most common type of blood test. It measures the amount of various types of blood cells in a sample of your blood.
  • Blood Chemistry Tests: These tests are often ordered as part of a comprehensive metabolic panel, which measures various chemicals in the blood to provide information about your body's metabolism.
  • Blood Enzyme Tests: These tests are used to measure enzymes in your blood. High levels of certain enzymes can indicate a heart attack.
  • Blood Clotting Tests: Also known as coagulation panel, these tests measure how well your blood clots and can help assess your risk of excessive bleeding or developing clots in your blood vessels.

Related Terms

  • Hematology: The branch of medicine concerned with the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood.
  • Phlebotomy: The process of making an incision in a vein with a needle, for the purpose of taking blood.
  • Serology: The scientific study or diagnostic examination of blood serum, especially with regard to the response of the immune system to pathogens or introduced substances.
  • Pathology: The study of the causes and effects of disease or injury. The word pathology also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of bioscience research fields and medical practices.

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