Tumefactive multiple sclerosis

Tumefactive multiple sclerosis (TMS) is a rare form of multiple sclerosis characterized by mass-like lesions or tumor-like lesions in the brain. It is often mistaken for a brain tumor or abscess due to its similar appearance on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.

Symptoms

The symptoms of TMS are similar to those of other forms of multiple sclerosis, but may be more severe. They can include weakness, numbness, paralysis, vision problems, and cognitive dysfunction. In some cases, the symptoms may progress rapidly, leading to significant disability.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of TMS can be challenging due to its similarity to other conditions. It is typically diagnosed based on the presence of characteristic lesions on an MRI scan, along with clinical symptoms consistent with multiple sclerosis. Other tests, such as a lumbar puncture or biopsy, may be needed to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for TMS typically involves high-dose corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and swelling in the brain. Other treatments, such as plasma exchange or immunomodulatory therapy, may also be used. In some cases, surgery may be needed to remove the lesion.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with TMS varies. Some individuals may experience a single episode and then recover, while others may have recurrent episodes or progress to more severe forms of multiple sclerosis.

See also

• Multiple sclerosis
• Neurology
• Neuroimaging

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References

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External links

• National Multiple Sclerosis Society
• MS Society UK