Peg tube placement

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Infobox Medical Procedure
Name	Peg tube placement
ICD	[[International Classification of Diseases|]]
ICD-9-CM	[[ICD-9-CM|]]
MeSH	[[Medical Subject Headings|]]
OPS-301 code
MedlinePlus	[[MedlinePlus|]]
eMedicine	[[eMedicine|]]
Other codes
Specialty	[[]]
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Peg tube placement, also known as percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, is a medical procedure used to insert a feeding tube into the stomach through the abdominal wall. This procedure is commonly performed on individuals who are unable to consume food orally or have difficulty swallowing.

Indications

Peg tube placement is indicated for patients who require long-term enteral feeding. This includes individuals with various medical conditions such as:

• Stroke
• Head and neck cancer
• Neurological disorders
• Dementia
• Esophageal cancer
• Motor neuron disease

Procedure

The procedure is typically performed by a gastroenterologist or a surgeon, under local anesthesia or conscious sedation. The steps involved in peg tube placement are as follows:

1. Preparation: The patient is positioned on the examination table, and the skin around the abdomen is cleaned and sterilized.

2. Anesthesia: Local anesthesia is administered to numb the area where the tube will be inserted. In some cases, conscious sedation may be used to help the patient relax.

3. Insertion: A small incision is made in the abdominal wall, and a thin, flexible tube called a gastrostomy tube is inserted through the incision and into the stomach. The tube is guided using an endoscope, which allows the healthcare provider to visualize the procedure.

4. Securing the tube: Once the tube is in place, it is secured to the abdominal wall using sutures or a special device called a skin anchor. This helps prevent the tube from being dislodged.

5. Confirmation: After the tube is secured, its placement is confirmed by injecting air or water through the tube and listening for a gurgling sound in the stomach. An X-ray may also be performed to ensure proper placement.

6. Dressing: The incision site is covered with a sterile dressing to protect it from infection.

Complications

While peg tube placement is generally considered safe, there are potential complications that can arise. These include:

• Infection at the insertion site
• Bleeding
• Peritonitis
• Tube dislodgement
• Aspiration pneumonia

It is important for healthcare providers to closely monitor patients after the procedure to detect and manage any complications that may arise.

Aftercare

After peg tube placement, patients and caregivers are provided with instructions on how to care for the tube and administer feedings. This includes proper cleaning of the insertion site, flushing the tube with water, and administering prescribed medications or nutrition.

Regular follow-up appointments are scheduled to monitor the patient's progress and address any concerns or complications that may arise.

Conclusion

Peg tube placement is a valuable procedure that allows individuals with difficulty swallowing or the inability to consume food orally to receive adequate nutrition. It is important for healthcare providers to carefully assess patients for the need of this procedure and to provide appropriate aftercare to ensure the best possible outcomes.