Tetralogy of fallot

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Tetralogy of Fallot

Tetralogy of Fallot (pronounced: te-tral-uh-jee of fuh-low) is a rare, complex congenital heart defect that occurs in about 5 out of every 10,000 babies. The condition is named after the French physician Étienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, who first described it in 1888.

Etymology

The term "Tetralogy" is derived from the Greek words "tetra," meaning four, and "logos," meaning study. "Fallot" is named after the French physician Étienne-Louis Arthur Fallot, who first described the condition. Thus, Tetralogy of Fallot refers to the four heart defects present in the condition as identified by Fallot.

Definition

Tetralogy of Fallot involves four anatomical abnormalities of the heart (although only three of them are always present). They are:

1. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) 2. Pulmonary stenosis 3. Right ventricular hypertrophy 4. Overriding aorta

Symptoms

Symptoms of Tetralogy of Fallot, which vary among individuals, can include cyanosis (a bluish coloration of the skin caused by a lack of oxygen), shortness of breath, rapid breathing, fainting, and clubbing of fingers and toes.

Treatment

Treatment for Tetralogy of Fallot usually involves surgery to repair the heart defects and improve blood flow to the lungs. The most common type of surgery is called intracardiac repair, which is usually performed during the first year of life.

Prognosis

With early diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis for individuals with Tetralogy of Fallot is generally good, with most individuals leading relatively normal lives. However, long-term follow-up care with a cardiologist is necessary.

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