Samoa

3 Samoan girls making ava 1909

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Robert Louis Stevenson birthday fete, Samoa 1896

Samoan Paramount chief Mataafa Iosefa, 1896

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Island country in the central South Pacific Ocean

Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa, is an island country located in the central South Pacific Ocean. It is part of the region of Polynesia and consists of two main islands, Upolu and Savai'i, and several smaller islands. The capital city is Apia, situated on the island of Upolu.

History

Samoa has a rich history that dates back over 3,000 years. The islands were first settled by the Lapita culture, known for their distinctive pottery. European contact began in the early 18th century, with Dutch and French explorers being among the first to visit. In the late 19th century, Samoa became a focal point of colonial interest, leading to the Tripartite Convention of 1899, which divided the Samoan archipelago between Germany and the United States. Western Samoa gained independence from New Zealand on January 1, 1962, becoming the first small-island country in the Pacific to do so.

Geography

Samoa is located south of the equator, about halfway between Hawaii and New Zealand. The two main islands, Upolu and Savai'i, are volcanic in origin and feature rugged terrain, lush rainforests, and beautiful beaches. The climate is tropical, with a wet season from November to April and a dry season from May to October.

Government and Politics

Samoa is a parliamentary republic with a unicameral legislature known as the Legislative Assembly of Samoa. The head of state is the O le Ao o le Malo, a ceremonial position, while the head of government is the Prime Minister. The political system is based on the Westminster system.

Economy

The economy of Samoa is primarily based on agriculture, tourism, and remittances from Samoans living abroad. Key agricultural products include coconut, banana, and taro. The country has been working to diversify its economy, with efforts to develop the manufacturing and service sectors.

Demographics

The population of Samoa is approximately 202,506 as of 2021. The majority of the population is of Samoan ethnicity, with a small percentage of Euronesians and other ethnic groups. The official languages are Samoan and English.

Culture

Samoan culture is deeply rooted in Fa'a Samoa, the traditional Samoan way of life, which emphasizes community, family, and respect for elders. Traditional Samoan dance, music, and tattooing are important cultural practices. The majority of Samoans are Christians, with various denominations represented across the islands.

See also

• Polynesia
• Lapita culture
• Tripartite Convention
• New Zealand
• Hawaii

References

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