Hyperimmune globulin

Hyperimmune globulin (pronunciation: hi-per-im-yoon glo-bu-lin) is a type of immunoglobulin (Ig) that is produced in response to a specific antigen or pathogen. It is a concentrated solution of antibodies, which are proteins that the immune system uses to fight off infections.

Etymology

The term "hyperimmune" is derived from the Greek words "hyper" meaning "over" or "above" and "immune" meaning "exempt", in this context, it refers to an enhanced immune response. "Globulin" is derived from the Latin word "globus" meaning "sphere", referring to the globular shape of these proteins.

Production

Hyperimmune globulins are produced by injecting a specific antigen into an animal (usually a horse or rabbit). The animal's immune system responds by producing a high concentration of specific antibodies against the antigen. The animal's blood is then collected, and the serum is separated and purified to produce the hyperimmune globulin.

Uses

Hyperimmune globulins are used in medicine to provide passive immunity to individuals who are at risk of, or have been exposed to, certain infectious diseases. They are used in the treatment of diseases such as hepatitis B, rabies, tetanus, and chickenpox. Hyperimmune globulins are also used in the treatment of some autoimmune diseases, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and Kawasaki disease.

Related Terms

• Immunoglobulin
• Antibody
• Antigen
• Pathogen
• Passive immunity
• Autoimmune disease

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Hyperimmune globulin
• Wikipedia's article - Hyperimmune globulin

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