Palivizumab

Palivizumab is a monoclonal antibody that is used as a prophylactic against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in high-risk infants. It is marketed under the brand name Synagis by AstraZeneca.

Mechanism of Action

Palivizumab works by binding to the F protein on the surface of the RSV, preventing the virus from fusing with the host cell membrane and thus inhibiting viral replication. This mechanism of action is similar to other monoclonal antibodies, which are designed to target specific proteins on the surface of cells or viruses.

Clinical Use

Palivizumab is used to prevent serious lower respiratory tract disease caused by RSV in children at high risk of RSV disease. High-risk groups include premature infants, infants with chronic lung disease, and children with congenital heart disease. The drug is administered via intramuscular injection, typically once a month during RSV season.

Side Effects

Common side effects of palivizumab include fever and rash. Serious side effects can include an allergic reaction, which may cause symptoms such as difficulty breathing, hives, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.

History

Palivizumab was approved by the FDA in 1998. It was the first monoclonal antibody approved for the prevention of an infectious disease.

See Also

• Monoclonal antibodies
• Respiratory Syncytial Virus
• AstraZeneca