Guanidinium chloride
| Guanidinium chloride | |
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| Structural formula of guanidinium chloride | |
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| Molar Mass | 95.53 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystalline solid |
| Density | 1.354 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 182 °C |
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| GHS Pictograms | [[File:|50px]] |
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Guanidinium chloride (also known as guanidine hydrochloride) is a chemical compound with the formula CH6ClN3. It is the chloride salt of guanidine.
Structure and Properties
Guanidinium chloride is a white crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. It is composed of the guanidinium cation (C(NH2)3+) and the chloride anion (Cl-). The guanidinium ion is planar and exhibits resonance stabilization, which contributes to its stability.
Chemical Properties
Guanidinium chloride is a strong chaotropic agent, meaning it can disrupt the structure of water and proteins. It is often used in biochemistry to denature proteins by disrupting hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions.
Applications
Guanidinium chloride has several important applications in the field of biochemistry and molecular biology.
Protein Denaturation
One of the primary uses of guanidinium chloride is in the denaturation of proteins. It is commonly used in protein purification protocols to unfold proteins, allowing for the removal of contaminants and the study of protein folding and stability.
RNA Isolation
Guanidinium chloride is also used in the isolation of RNA. It helps to lyse cells and inactivate RNase enzymes, which are responsible for degrading RNA. This makes it a crucial component in RNA extraction protocols.
DNA Extraction
In addition to RNA isolation, guanidinium chloride is used in DNA extraction procedures. It helps to solubilize cellular components and protect nucleic acids from degradation.
Safety and Handling
Guanidinium chloride should be handled with care, as it can be harmful if ingested or inhaled. It may cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles should be worn when handling this compound.
See Also
External Links
- [Guanidinium chloride on PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Guanidinium-chloride)
- [Guanidinium chloride safety data sheet]
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