Granulomas
Granulomas
Granulomas (pronunciation: /ɡræn.jʊˈloʊ.məz/) are small, typically round collections of immune cells that form when the immune system attempts to wall off substances that it perceives as foreign but is unable to eliminate.
Etymology
The term "granuloma" is derived from the Latin word "granulum," which means "small grain." It was first used in the medical literature in the late 19th century to describe the grain-like appearance of these formations under a microscope.
Formation
Granulomas form when the immune system attempts to isolate foreign substances that it cannot eliminate. These substances can include bacteria, fungi, parasites, certain types of dust, and even certain types of body tissue. The immune system's response is to surround the foreign substance with immune cells, forming a granuloma.
Types of Granulomas
There are several types of granulomas, including:
- Tuberculous granuloma: These are caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes tuberculosis.
- Sarcoid granuloma: These are associated with sarcoidosis, a disease that can affect multiple organs in the body.
- Foreign body granuloma: These form around foreign materials, such as sutures, that have been introduced into the body.
Related Terms
- Granulomatosis: A condition characterized by the formation of multiple granulomas in the body.
- Granuloma annulare: A type of chronic skin condition characterized by raised, reddish or skin-colored bumps that form ring patterns, usually on the hands and feet.
- Pyogenic granuloma: A type of skin growth that appears as a rapidly growing, bleeding bump on the skin or inside the mouth.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Granulomas
- Wikipedia's article - Granulomas
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