Familial Mediterranean fever
Familial Mediterranean Fever
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), pronounced /fəˈmɪliəl ˌmɛdɪtəˈriːən ˈfiːvər/, is a hereditary inflammatory disorder that affects groups of people originating from around the Mediterranean Sea (hence the name). It is particularly common among people of Armenian, Arab, Turkish, and Jewish descent.
Etymology
The term "Familial Mediterranean Fever" comes from the fact that the condition is both hereditary (familial) and prevalent among populations around the Mediterranean Sea. The word "fever" refers to the recurrent episodes of fever that are a key symptom of the condition.
Symptoms
The primary symptoms of FMF are recurrent episodes of fever, accompanied by pain in the abdomen, chest, or joints. These episodes are often accompanied by a rash or headache. The severity and duration of the symptoms can vary greatly from person to person.
Causes
FMF is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called pyrin, which plays a key role in the body's immune response to injury or infection. Mutations in the MEFV gene lead to an overactive immune response, resulting in inflammation and the symptoms of FMF.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of FMF is typically based on the characteristic symptoms and a family history of the condition. Genetic testing can confirm a diagnosis in some cases.
Treatment
Treatment for FMF primarily involves managing symptoms and preventing complications. This typically involves the use of medications such as colchicine, which can help reduce the frequency and severity of episodes.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Familial Mediterranean fever
- Wikipedia's article - Familial Mediterranean fever
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