Lornoxicam

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Lornoxicam
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Lornoxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain and inflammation in various conditions. It is part of the oxicam class of NSAIDs, which also includes drugs like piroxicam and meloxicam.

Pharmacology

Lornoxicam works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2. These enzymes are responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which are mediators of inflammation and pain. By reducing the production of prostaglandins, lornoxicam alleviates symptoms of pain and inflammation.

Chemical Structure

Skeletal structure of Lornoxicam

Lornoxicam is chemically known as 6-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-2-pyridyl-2H-thieno[2,3-e]-1,2-thiazine-3-carboxamide 1,1-dioxide. It is a yellow crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water.

Pharmacokinetics

Lornoxicam is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring approximately 1 to 2 hours post-dose. It has a half-life of about 3 to 5 hours, which is relatively short compared to other NSAIDs. Lornoxicam is extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily by cytochrome P450 enzymes, and is excreted mainly in the urine.

Clinical Uses

Lornoxicam is indicated for the management of acute mild to moderate pain, such as postoperative pain, and for the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Side Effects

Common side effects of lornoxicam include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and dyspepsia. Like other NSAIDs, it may increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, ulceration, and perforation. It can also cause renal impairment and hypertension.

Contraindications

Lornoxicam is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug, those with active peptic ulcer disease, and in individuals with severe hepatic or renal impairment. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of asthma or allergic reactions to other NSAIDs.

Drug Interactions

Lornoxicam may interact with other medications such as anticoagulants, increasing the risk of bleeding. It can also interact with antihypertensive drugs, potentially reducing their effectiveness.

Related pages

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
• Cyclooxygenase
• Prostaglandin
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Osteoarthritis