Intestinal atresia: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Intestinal atresia | |||
| image = [[File:DuodAtres.png|left|thumb|Illustration of duodenal atresia]] | |||
| caption = Illustration of duodenal atresia | |||
| field = [[Gastroenterology]], [[Pediatric surgery]] | |||
| synonyms = Bowel atresia | |||
| symptoms = [[Vomiting]], [[abdominal distension]], [[failure to pass meconium]] | |||
| complications = [[Malnutrition]], [[dehydration]], [[sepsis]] | |||
| onset = [[Neonatal]] | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| types = [[Duodenal atresia]], [[jejunal atresia]], [[ileal atresia]] | |||
| causes = [[Congenital]] | |||
| risks = [[Polyhydramnios]], [[Down syndrome]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Prenatal ultrasound]], [[X-ray]], [[contrast enema]] | |||
| differential = [[Meconium ileus]], [[Hirschsprung's disease]] | |||
| prevention = None | |||
| treatment = [[Surgery]] | |||
| medication = [[Intravenous fluids]], [[antibiotics]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = 1 in 5,000 live births | |||
}} | |||
'''Intestinal atresia''' is a medical condition that involves a complete closure of a portion of the intestine. This condition is congenital, meaning it is present at birth. The severity of the condition can vary, depending on the location and extent of the atresia. | '''Intestinal atresia''' is a medical condition that involves a complete closure of a portion of the intestine. This condition is congenital, meaning it is present at birth. The severity of the condition can vary, depending on the location and extent of the atresia. | ||
[[File:Illu small intestine.jpg|left|thumb|Sites of small bowel atresia: [[duodenum]], [[jejunum]] and [[ileum]]|alt=]] | |||
[[File:Illu small intestine.jpg|thumb|Sites of small bowel atresia: [[duodenum]], [[jejunum]] and [[ileum]]|alt=]] | |||
==Types of Intestinal Atresia== | ==Types of Intestinal Atresia== | ||
There are several types of intestinal atresia, each named for the part of the intestine that is affected. These include: | There are several types of intestinal atresia, each named for the part of the intestine that is affected. These include: | ||
* '''[[Duodenal atresia]]''' - This type of atresia affects the [[duodenum]], which is the first part of the small intestine. It is the most common type of intestinal atresia. | * '''[[Duodenal atresia]]''' - This type of atresia affects the [[duodenum]], which is the first part of the small intestine. It is the most common type of intestinal atresia. | ||
* '''[[Jejunal atresia]]''' - This type affects the [[jejunum]], which is the middle part of the small intestine. | * '''[[Jejunal atresia]]''' - This type affects the [[jejunum]], which is the middle part of the small intestine. | ||
* '''[[Ileal atresia]]''' - This type affects the [[ileum]], which is the last part of the small intestine. | * '''[[Ileal atresia]]''' - This type affects the [[ileum]], which is the last part of the small intestine. | ||
* '''[[Colonic atresia]]''' - This type affects the [[colon]], which is part of the large intestine. | * '''[[Colonic atresia]]''' - This type affects the [[colon]], which is part of the large intestine. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
The exact cause of intestinal atresia is unknown. However, it is believed to occur when the blood supply to a portion of the intestine is cut off during fetal development. This can cause the affected portion of the intestine to die and be reabsorbed, leaving a gap or atresia. | The exact cause of intestinal atresia is unknown. However, it is believed to occur when the blood supply to a portion of the intestine is cut off during fetal development. This can cause the affected portion of the intestine to die and be reabsorbed, leaving a gap or atresia. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
The symptoms of intestinal atresia can vary, depending on the location and extent of the atresia. However, common symptoms include: | The symptoms of intestinal atresia can vary, depending on the location and extent of the atresia. However, common symptoms include: | ||
* [[Vomiting]] | * [[Vomiting]] | ||
* [[Abdominal distension]] | * [[Abdominal distension]] | ||
* Failure to pass [[meconium]] (the first stool) | * Failure to pass [[meconium]] (the first stool) | ||
* [[Bilious vomiting]] (vomiting green bile) | * [[Bilious vomiting]] (vomiting green bile) | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Intestinal atresia can often be diagnosed before birth through a routine [[ultrasound]]. After birth, the diagnosis can be confirmed through a combination of physical examination, [[X-ray]], and [[barium enema]]. | Intestinal atresia can often be diagnosed before birth through a routine [[ultrasound]]. After birth, the diagnosis can be confirmed through a combination of physical examination, [[X-ray]], and [[barium enema]]. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The treatment for intestinal atresia is surgical. The goal of the surgery is to remove the atresia and reconnect the healthy portions of the intestine. In some cases, a temporary [[ostomy]] may be needed. | The treatment for intestinal atresia is surgical. The goal of the surgery is to remove the atresia and reconnect the healthy portions of the intestine. In some cases, a temporary [[ostomy]] may be needed. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for intestinal atresia can vary, depending on the location and extent of the atresia. However, with prompt diagnosis and treatment, most children with this condition can go on to lead normal, healthy lives. | The prognosis for intestinal atresia can vary, depending on the location and extent of the atresia. However, with prompt diagnosis and treatment, most children with this condition can go on to lead normal, healthy lives. | ||
[[Category:Medical Conditions]] | [[Category:Medical Conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Gastrointestinal Disorders]] | [[Category:Gastrointestinal Disorders]] | ||
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{{Congenital malformations and deformations of digestive system}} | {{Congenital malformations and deformations of digestive system}} | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 01:19, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Intestinal atresia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Bowel atresia |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Vomiting, abdominal distension, failure to pass meconium |
| Complications | Malnutrition, dehydration, sepsis |
| Onset | Neonatal |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | Duodenal atresia, jejunal atresia, ileal atresia |
| Causes | Congenital |
| Risks | Polyhydramnios, Down syndrome |
| Diagnosis | Prenatal ultrasound, X-ray, contrast enema |
| Differential diagnosis | Meconium ileus, Hirschsprung's disease |
| Prevention | None |
| Treatment | Surgery |
| Medication | Intravenous fluids, antibiotics |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | 1 in 5,000 live births |
| Deaths | N/A |
Intestinal atresia is a medical condition that involves a complete closure of a portion of the intestine. This condition is congenital, meaning it is present at birth. The severity of the condition can vary, depending on the location and extent of the atresia.
Types of Intestinal Atresia[edit]
There are several types of intestinal atresia, each named for the part of the intestine that is affected. These include:
- Duodenal atresia - This type of atresia affects the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. It is the most common type of intestinal atresia.
- Jejunal atresia - This type affects the jejunum, which is the middle part of the small intestine.
- Ileal atresia - This type affects the ileum, which is the last part of the small intestine.
- Colonic atresia - This type affects the colon, which is part of the large intestine.
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of intestinal atresia is unknown. However, it is believed to occur when the blood supply to a portion of the intestine is cut off during fetal development. This can cause the affected portion of the intestine to die and be reabsorbed, leaving a gap or atresia.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of intestinal atresia can vary, depending on the location and extent of the atresia. However, common symptoms include:
- Vomiting
- Abdominal distension
- Failure to pass meconium (the first stool)
- Bilious vomiting (vomiting green bile)
Diagnosis[edit]
Intestinal atresia can often be diagnosed before birth through a routine ultrasound. After birth, the diagnosis can be confirmed through a combination of physical examination, X-ray, and barium enema.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment for intestinal atresia is surgical. The goal of the surgery is to remove the atresia and reconnect the healthy portions of the intestine. In some cases, a temporary ostomy may be needed.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for intestinal atresia can vary, depending on the location and extent of the atresia. However, with prompt diagnosis and treatment, most children with this condition can go on to lead normal, healthy lives.
| Congenital malformations and deformations of digestive system | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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