Osteitis fibrosa cystica: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
No edit summary |
CSV import |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{SI}} | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | {{Infobox medical condition | ||
| name = | | name = Osteitis fibrosa cystica | ||
| image = [[File: | | image = [[File:Osteitis_fibrosa_cystica_tibiae_X-ray.jpg|250px]] | ||
| caption = | | caption = X-ray showing osteitis fibrosa cystica in the tibiae | ||
| synonyms = Von Recklinghausen's disease of bone | |||
| field = [[Endocrinology]] | | field = [[Endocrinology]] | ||
| symptoms = Bone pain, fractures, skeletal deformities | |||
| symptoms = Bone pain, fractures, deformities | | complications = [[Hypercalcemia]], [[kidney stones]], [[osteoporosis]] | ||
| complications = [[ | | onset = Typically in adults | ||
| onset = | | duration = Chronic | ||
| duration = | | causes = [[Hyperparathyroidism]] | ||
| causes = [[Hyperparathyroidism | | risks = [[Parathyroid adenoma]], [[parathyroid hyperplasia]] | ||
| risks = [[ | | diagnosis = [[Blood test]], [[X-ray]], [[bone scan]] | ||
| diagnosis = [[ | | differential = [[Osteoporosis]], [[Paget's disease of bone]] | ||
| differential = [[ | | treatment = [[Parathyroidectomy]], [[bisphosphonates]] | ||
| | | medication = [[Calcimimetics]], [[vitamin D]] | ||
| prognosis = | | prognosis = Good with treatment | ||
| frequency = Rare | | frequency = Rare | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Other names== | ==Other names== | ||
Osteitis fibrosa cystica; Hyperparathyroidism - osteitis fibrosa; Brown tumor of bone | Osteitis fibrosa cystica; Hyperparathyroidism - osteitis fibrosa; Brown tumor of bone | ||
[[File:Osteitis Fibrosis Cystica.jpg|alt=Histology of osteitis fibrosa cystica|thumb|Histology of bone showing osteitis fibrosa cystica]] | [[File:Osteitis Fibrosis Cystica.jpg|alt=Histology of osteitis fibrosa cystica|left|thumb|Histology of bone showing osteitis fibrosa cystica]] | ||
<youtube> | |||
title='''{{PAGENAME}}''' | |||
movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/IM7r-U1sKnI | |||
&rel=1 | |||
embed_source_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/IM7r-U1sKnI | |||
&rel=1 | |||
wrap = yes | |||
width=750 | |||
height=600 | |||
</youtube> | |||
==Definition== | ==Definition== | ||
Osteitis fibrosa is a condition of bones when they become abnormally weak and deformed due to a complication of [[hyperparathyroidism]]. | Osteitis fibrosa is a condition of bones when they become abnormally weak and deformed due to a complication of [[hyperparathyroidism]]. | ||
==Parathyroid glands== | ==Parathyroid glands== | ||
The parathyroid glands are 4 tiny glands in the neck. These glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH helps control calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels in the blood and is important for healthy bones. | The parathyroid glands are 4 tiny glands in the neck. These glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH helps control calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels in the blood and is important for healthy bones. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Excessive parathyroid hormone (hyperparathyroidism) can lead to increased bone breakdown, which can cause bones to become weaker and more fragile. | Excessive parathyroid hormone (hyperparathyroidism) can lead to increased bone breakdown, which can cause bones to become weaker and more fragile. | ||
==Osteoporosis== | ==Osteoporosis== | ||
Many people with hyperparathyroidism eventually develop [[osteoporosis]]. | Many people with hyperparathyroidism eventually develop [[osteoporosis]]. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
* Not all bones respond to PTH in the same way. | * Not all bones respond to PTH in the same way. | ||
* Some develop abnormal areas where the bone is very soft and has almost no calcium in it and this is osteitis fibrosa. | * Some develop abnormal areas where the bone is very soft and has almost no calcium in it and this is osteitis fibrosa. | ||
* In rare cases, parathyroid cancer causes osteitis fibrosa. | * In rare cases, parathyroid cancer causes osteitis fibrosa. | ||
* Osteitis fibrosa is now very rare in people who have hyperparathyroidism who have good access to medical care. | * Osteitis fibrosa is now very rare in people who have hyperparathyroidism who have good access to medical care. | ||
* It is more common in people who develop hyperparathyroidism at a young age, or who have untreated hyperparathyroidism for a long time. | * It is more common in people who develop hyperparathyroidism at a young age, or who have untreated hyperparathyroidism for a long time. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Osteitis fibrosa may cause bone pain or tenderness. There may be fractures (breaks) in the arms, legs, or spine, or other bone problems. | Osteitis fibrosa may cause bone pain or tenderness. There may be fractures (breaks) in the arms, legs, or spine, or other bone problems. | ||
Hyperparathyroidism itself may cause any of the following: | Hyperparathyroidism itself may cause any of the following: | ||
* Nausea | * Nausea | ||
| Line 62: | Line 54: | ||
* Frequent urination | * Frequent urination | ||
* Weakness | * Weakness | ||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
* Investigations include blood tests show a high level of calcium, parathyroid hormone, and alkaline phosphatase (a bone chemical). | * Investigations include blood tests show a high level of calcium, parathyroid hormone, and alkaline phosphatase (a bone chemical). | ||
* Phosphorus level in the blood may be low. | * Phosphorus level in the blood may be low. | ||
* X-rays may show thin bones, fractures, bowing, and cysts. | * X-rays may show thin bones, fractures, bowing, and cysts. | ||
* Teeth x-rays may also be abnormal. | * Teeth x-rays may also be abnormal. | ||
* A bone x-ray may be done. | * A bone x-ray may be done. | ||
* People with hyperparathyroidism are more likely to have osteopenia (thin bones) or osteoporosis (very thin bones) than to have full-blown osteitis fibrosa. | * People with hyperparathyroidism are more likely to have osteopenia (thin bones) or osteoporosis (very thin bones) than to have full-blown osteitis fibrosa. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Most of the bone problems from osteitis fibrosa can be reversed with surgery to remove the abnormal parathyroid gland(s). | Most of the bone problems from osteitis fibrosa can be reversed with surgery to remove the abnormal parathyroid gland(s). | ||
Some people may choose not to have surgery, and instead be followed with blood tests and bone measurements. | Some people may choose not to have surgery, and instead be followed with blood tests and bone measurements. | ||
If surgery is not possible, medicines can sometimes be used to lower calcium level. | If surgery is not possible, medicines can sometimes be used to lower calcium level. | ||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
Complications of osteitis fibrosa include any of the following: | Complications of osteitis fibrosa include any of the following: | ||
| Line 83: | Line 71: | ||
* Pain | * Pain | ||
* Problems due to [[hyperparathyroidism]], such as [[kidney stones]] and [[kidney failure]] | * Problems due to [[hyperparathyroidism]], such as [[kidney stones]] and [[kidney failure]] | ||
==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
Routine blood tests done during a medical checkup or for another health problem usually detect a high calcium level before severe damage is done. | Routine blood tests done during a medical checkup or for another health problem usually detect a high calcium level before severe damage is done. | ||
Latest revision as of 06:23, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Osteitis fibrosa cystica | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Von Recklinghausen's disease of bone |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Bone pain, fractures, skeletal deformities |
| Complications | Hypercalcemia, kidney stones, osteoporosis |
| Onset | Typically in adults |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Hyperparathyroidism |
| Risks | Parathyroid adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia |
| Diagnosis | Blood test, X-ray, bone scan |
| Differential diagnosis | Osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Parathyroidectomy, bisphosphonates |
| Medication | Calcimimetics, vitamin D |
| Prognosis | Good with treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Other names[edit]
Osteitis fibrosa cystica; Hyperparathyroidism - osteitis fibrosa; Brown tumor of bone
Definition[edit]
Osteitis fibrosa is a condition of bones when they become abnormally weak and deformed due to a complication of hyperparathyroidism.
Parathyroid glands[edit]
The parathyroid glands are 4 tiny glands in the neck. These glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH helps control calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels in the blood and is important for healthy bones.
Causes[edit]
Excessive parathyroid hormone (hyperparathyroidism) can lead to increased bone breakdown, which can cause bones to become weaker and more fragile.
Osteoporosis[edit]
Many people with hyperparathyroidism eventually develop osteoporosis.
Pathophysiology[edit]
- Not all bones respond to PTH in the same way.
- Some develop abnormal areas where the bone is very soft and has almost no calcium in it and this is osteitis fibrosa.
- In rare cases, parathyroid cancer causes osteitis fibrosa.
- Osteitis fibrosa is now very rare in people who have hyperparathyroidism who have good access to medical care.
- It is more common in people who develop hyperparathyroidism at a young age, or who have untreated hyperparathyroidism for a long time.
Symptoms[edit]
Osteitis fibrosa may cause bone pain or tenderness. There may be fractures (breaks) in the arms, legs, or spine, or other bone problems. Hyperparathyroidism itself may cause any of the following:
- Nausea
- Constipation
- Fatigue
- Frequent urination
- Weakness
Management[edit]
- Investigations include blood tests show a high level of calcium, parathyroid hormone, and alkaline phosphatase (a bone chemical).
- Phosphorus level in the blood may be low.
- X-rays may show thin bones, fractures, bowing, and cysts.
- Teeth x-rays may also be abnormal.
- A bone x-ray may be done.
- People with hyperparathyroidism are more likely to have osteopenia (thin bones) or osteoporosis (very thin bones) than to have full-blown osteitis fibrosa.
Treatment[edit]
Most of the bone problems from osteitis fibrosa can be reversed with surgery to remove the abnormal parathyroid gland(s). Some people may choose not to have surgery, and instead be followed with blood tests and bone measurements. If surgery is not possible, medicines can sometimes be used to lower calcium level.
Complications[edit]
Complications of osteitis fibrosa include any of the following:
- Bone fractures
- Deformities of bone
- Pain
- Problems due to hyperparathyroidism, such as kidney stones and kidney failure
Prevention[edit]
Routine blood tests done during a medical checkup or for another health problem usually detect a high calcium level before severe damage is done.
 | |
|---|---|
 |
 |
| Parathyroid disease | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| Bone and joint disease | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
