Sequestrum

Sequestrum is a piece of dead bone that has become separated during the process of necrosis from the sound bone. It is a common complication of osteomyelitis. The sequestrum acts as a foreign body, and perpetuates a chronic infection.

Causes

Sequestra form by the following process:

1. An area of bone becomes devitalized following infection or interruption of its blood supply (as in fracture).
2. New healthy bone (termed involucrum) forms around the sequestrum.
3. The sequestrum separates from the living bone.
4. The sequestrum may be reabsorbed, pushed out or remain dormant.

Symptoms

The symptoms of sequestrum can vary greatly depending on the location and size of the affected bone. Common symptoms include:

1. Pain in the affected area
2. Swelling and redness
3. Fever
4. General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling (malaise)

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of sequestrum involves a combination of physical examination and imaging tests. These may include:

1. X-ray
2. MRI
3. CT scan
4. Bone scan

Treatment

Treatment of sequestrum involves removing the dead bone tissue. This is usually done through a surgical procedure known as debridement. In some cases, antibiotics may also be prescribed to treat any underlying infection.

See also

• Osteomyelitis
• Necrosis
• Bone fracture
• Debridement

References

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