Abdominal aortic plexus

A network of nerves surrounding the abdominal aorta

The abdominal aortic plexus is a complex network of nerves located around the abdominal aorta. It plays a crucial role in the autonomic nervous system by providing sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation to the abdominal organs.

Structure

The abdominal aortic plexus is situated around the abdominal aorta, extending from the celiac plexus above to the superior hypogastric plexus below. It is composed of a network of nerve fibers and ganglia that are interconnected, forming a mesh-like structure.

Components

The abdominal aortic plexus includes several smaller plexuses, such as:

• The celiac plexus, which supplies the stomach, liver, spleen, and other organs.
• The superior mesenteric plexus, which innervates the small intestine and parts of the large intestine.
• The renal plexus, which provides nerves to the kidneys.
• The inferior mesenteric plexus, which supplies the distal parts of the large intestine.

Function

The primary function of the abdominal aortic plexus is to regulate the autonomic functions of the abdominal organs. It transmits sympathetic and parasympathetic signals that control various physiological processes such as digestion, blood flow, and excretion.

Sympathetic Innervation

The sympathetic fibers originate from the thoracic splanchnic nerves and the lumbar splanchnic nerves. These fibers are responsible for the "fight or flight" responses, such as increasing heart rate and redirecting blood flow away from the digestive tract.

Parasympathetic Innervation

The parasympathetic fibers are primarily derived from the vagus nerve and the pelvic splanchnic nerves. These fibers promote "rest and digest" activities, such as stimulating digestion and conserving energy.

Clinical Significance

Disorders of the abdominal aortic plexus can lead to various clinical conditions, including abdominal pain, digestive issues, and autonomic dysfunction. Understanding the anatomy and function of this plexus is essential for diagnosing and treating such conditions.

Related pages

• Autonomic nervous system
• Celiac plexus
• Superior hypogastric plexus
• Sympathetic nervous system
• Parasympathetic nervous system

Gallery

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  Diagram of the abdominal aortic plexus

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  Nerve plexuses of the abdomen

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  Sympathetic trunk and plexuses

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  Abdominal aorta and its branches

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  Abdominal aortic plexus

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  Abdominal aortic plexus

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  Abdominal aortic plexus

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  Abdominal aortic plexus