Broad ligament of the uterus

Anatomical structure in the female pelvis

Broad ligament of the uterus

Diagram of the female pelvis showing the broad ligament of the uterus.

The broad ligament of the uterus is a major component of the female reproductive system. It is a wide fold of peritoneum that connects the sides of the uterus to the walls and floor of the pelvis. This ligament helps to maintain the uterus in its position within the pelvic cavity.

Anatomy

The broad ligament is composed of two layers of peritoneum that extend from the lateral sides of the uterus to the pelvic walls. It is divided into three main parts:

• Mesometrium: This is the largest portion of the broad ligament and extends from the lateral pelvic walls to the body of the uterus. It supports the uterus and contains the uterine artery and uterine vein.

• Mesosalpinx: This portion of the broad ligament encloses the fallopian tubes and is located superior to the mesometrium. It provides support to the fallopian tubes and contains the ovarian artery and ovarian vein.

• Mesovarium: This is the part of the broad ligament that attaches to the ovary. It is a short peritoneal fold that supports the ovary and contains the ovarian ligament.

Function

The primary function of the broad ligament is to support the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, maintaining their position within the pelvic cavity. It also serves as a conduit for blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics that supply the uterus and ovaries.

Clinical significance

The broad ligament can be involved in various gynecological conditions. For example, broad ligament cysts can develop, which are fluid-filled sacs that may cause pelvic pain or discomfort. Additionally, the broad ligament may be involved in the spread of endometriosis, a condition where endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus.

Related pages

• Uterus
• Fallopian tube
• Ovary
• Peritoneum
• Pelvis

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