Hypoglycemic agents

Hypoglycemic agents or antihyperglycemic agents are medications used to treat diabetes mellitus by lowering glucose levels in the blood.

Hypoglycemic agents: /ˌhaɪpoʊɡlaɪˈsiːmɪk ˈeɪdʒənts/

The term "hypoglycemic agents" is derived from the Greek words "hypo" meaning under, "glykys" meaning sweet, and "haima" meaning blood.

There are several types of hypoglycemic agents, including:

Insulin: This is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels. It is often used in the treatment of type 1 diabetes.
Sulfonylureas: These are oral medications that stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin.
Biguanides: The most common biguanide is metformin. It works by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improving the body's response to insulin.
Thiazolidinediones: These drugs help insulin work better in the muscle and fat and also reduce glucose production in the liver.
DPP-4 inhibitors: These medications block the action of an enzyme called DPP-4, which results in an increase in insulin production and a decrease in glucose production.

Diabetes mellitus: A group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.
Insulin resistance: A condition in which cells fail to respond normally to the hormone insulin.
Hyperglycemia: A condition characterized by an excess of glucose in the bloodstream, often associated with diabetes mellitus.
Glycemic index: A number associated with a particular type of food that indicates the food's effect on a person's blood glucose level.

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