Fungal meningitis
Fungal Meningitis
Fungal meningitis (/ˈfʌŋɡəl mɛnɪnˈdʒaɪtɪs/) is a serious infection of the meninges, the delicate membrane covering the brain and spinal cord. It is caused by a fungus that invades the central nervous system.
Etymology
The term "fungal meningitis" is derived from the Latin "fungus" meaning mushroom and the Greek "meningitis" meaning inflammation of the meninges.
Causes
Fungal meningitis is not contagious and is usually caused by fungi that are common in the environment. Certain types of fungi (such as Cryptococcus neoformans and Histoplasma) can cause meningitis in people with weakened immune systems.
Symptoms
Symptoms of fungal meningitis may include fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, photophobia (sensitivity to light), and altered mental status.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of fungal meningitis is made by analyzing a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained via a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). The CSF is examined under a microscope and may be cultured to identify the specific type of fungus causing the infection.
Treatment
Treatment for fungal meningitis typically involves long courses of high-dose antifungal medications, usually given intravenously. In some cases, surgery may be needed to remove fungal abscesses or to relieve pressure on the brain.
Prevention
Prevention of fungal meningitis involves reducing exposure to certain types of fungi and maintaining a healthy immune system. People with weakened immune systems may be given antifungal medications to prevent infection.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Fungal meningitis
- Wikipedia's article - Fungal meningitis
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