Viral meningitis

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Viral meningitis
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Headache, fever, neck stiffness, photophobia, nausea, vomiting
Complications	Rarely, seizures, hearing loss, cognitive impairment
Onset	Sudden
Duration	Usually 7 to 10 days
Types	N/A
Causes	Enterovirus, Herpes simplex virus, Varicella zoster virus, Mumps virus, HIV
Risks	Age, immunocompromised state, exposure to infected individuals
Diagnosis	Lumbar puncture, CSF analysis, PCR testing
Differential diagnosis	Bacterial meningitis, encephalitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Supportive care, analgesics, antipyretics, hydration
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good, full recovery expected
Frequency	Common, especially in children and young adults
Deaths	N/A

Symptoms of Meningitis

Lumbar Puncture

Aciclovir 2D structure

Viral meningitis is a type of meningitis that is caused by viruses. It is also known as aseptic meningitis. Viral meningitis is the most common type of meningitis and is often less severe than bacterial meningitis. It usually clears up on its own within two weeks.

Causes

Viral meningitis is caused by a viral infection. Several types of viruses can cause it, including enterovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, mumps virus, HIV, and influenza virus. Enteroviruses are the most common cause of viral meningitis.

Symptoms

The symptoms of viral meningitis can be similar to those of bacterial meningitis. They can include fever, headache, stiff neck, sensitivity to light, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. In severe cases, symptoms can include seizures and altered mental status.

Diagnosis

Viral meningitis is diagnosed through a lumbar puncture, also known as a spinal tap. This procedure involves taking a sample of cerebrospinal fluid and testing it for the presence of viruses.

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for viral meningitis. Most people with viral meningitis get better on their own with rest, hydration, and over-the-counter pain relievers to help with symptoms. In some cases, antiviral medication may be used.

Prevention

Prevention of viral meningitis involves good hygiene practices, such as washing hands regularly and avoiding close contact with people who are sick. Vaccines are also available for some of the viruses that can cause viral meningitis.

See also

• Bacterial meningitis
• Fungal meningitis
• Parasitic meningitis
• Non-infectious meningitis