Buclizine

An article about the antihistamine drug Buclizine

Buclizine
INN
Drug class
Routes of administration
Pregnancy category
Bioavailability
Metabolism
Elimination half-life
Excretion
Legal status
CAS Number
PubChem
DrugBank
ChemSpider
KEGG

Buclizine is an antihistamine and anticholinergic medication primarily used to treat motion sickness and nausea. It is also used as an appetite stimulant in some cases. Buclizine belongs to the piperazine class of antihistamines and works by blocking histamine receptors in the body.

Pharmacology

Buclizine acts as an antagonist at the H₁ histamine receptors, which are responsible for mediating the effects of histamine in the body. By blocking these receptors, buclizine reduces the symptoms of allergic reactions such as itching, sneezing, and runny nose. Additionally, its anticholinergic properties help to reduce nausea and vomiting by acting on the central nervous system.

Uses

Buclizine is commonly used to prevent and treat symptoms of motion sickness, including nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. It is also prescribed as an appetite stimulant in certain cases, particularly in patients who have difficulty maintaining adequate nutritional intake.

Side Effects

Common side effects of buclizine include drowsiness, dry mouth, and blurred vision. Due to its sedative effects, patients are advised to avoid operating heavy machinery or driving while taking buclizine. Other side effects may include constipation, urinary retention, and confusion, especially in elderly patients.

Contraindications

Buclizine should not be used in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. It is also contraindicated in patients with angle-closure glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, and bladder neck obstruction. Caution is advised when prescribing buclizine to patients with asthma, epilepsy, or cardiovascular disease.

Mechanism of Action

Buclizine works by blocking the action of histamine at the H₁ receptor sites, which are found throughout the body, including the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, and respiratory tract. This blockade prevents the typical allergic response mediated by histamine. Its anticholinergic effects are due to its ability to block acetylcholine receptors, which helps to reduce nausea and vomiting by affecting the vestibular system and the vomiting center in the brain.

Related pages

• Antihistamine
• Motion sickness
• Nausea
• Appetite stimulant

• 
  Buclizine