Agranulocytosis: Difference between revisions
mNo edit summary |
CSV import Tags: mobile edit mobile web edit |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Agranulocytosis | |||
| image = [[File:Neutrophils.jpg|alt=Neutrophils]] | |||
| caption = Neutrophils, a type of white blood cell affected in agranulocytosis | |||
| field = [[Hematology]] | |||
| synonyms = Agranulosis, Granulopenia | |||
| symptoms = [[Fever]], [[chills]], [[sore throat]], [[infection]] | |||
| complications = [[Sepsis]], [[septic shock]] | |||
| onset = Sudden | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = [[Drug-induced]], [[autoimmune disorders]], [[bone marrow failure]] | |||
| risks = Use of certain [[medications]], [[chemotherapy]], [[radiation therapy]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Complete blood count]], [[bone marrow biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Leukopenia]], [[neutropenia]] | |||
| prevention = Avoidance of causative drugs, monitoring blood counts | |||
| treatment = Discontinuation of offending drugs, [[antibiotics]], [[granulocyte colony-stimulating factor]] | |||
| medication = [[Filgrastim]], [[pegfilgrastim]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depending on cause and treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
Other names:Granulocytopenia; Granulopenia | Other names:Granulocytopenia; Granulopenia | ||
[[White blood cells]] fight infections from bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other germs. One important type of white blood cell is the [[granulocyte]], which is made in the [[bone marrow]] and travels in the blood throughout the body. [[Granulocytes]] sense infections, gather at sites of infection, and destroy the germs. | [[White blood cells]] fight infections from bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other germs. One important type of white blood cell is the [[granulocyte]], which is made in the [[bone marrow]] and travels in the blood throughout the body. [[Granulocytes]] sense infections, gather at sites of infection, and destroy the germs. | ||
When the body has '''too few granulocytes''', the condition is called agranulocytosis. This makes it harder for the body to fight off germs. As a result, the person is more likely to get sick from infections. | When the body has '''too few granulocytes''', the condition is called agranulocytosis. This makes it harder for the body to fight off germs. As a result, the person is more likely to get sick from infections. | ||
<youtube> | <youtube> | ||
title='''{{PAGENAME}}''' | title='''{{PAGENAME}}''' | ||
| Line 17: | Line 33: | ||
height=600 | height=600 | ||
</youtube> | </youtube> | ||
== '''Cause''' == | == '''Cause''' == | ||
Agranulocytosis may be caused by: | Agranulocytosis may be caused by: | ||
| Line 28: | Line 43: | ||
* Problem with genes | * Problem with genes | ||
* Spleen enlargement | * Spleen enlargement | ||
== '''Symptoms''' == | == '''Symptoms''' == | ||
Symptoms of this condition may include: | Symptoms of this condition may include: | ||
| Line 40: | Line 54: | ||
* Pneumonia | * Pneumonia | ||
* Shock | * Shock | ||
== '''Diagnosis''' == | == '''Diagnosis''' == | ||
A blood differential test will be done to measure the percentage of each type of white blood cell in your blood. | A blood differential test will be done to measure the percentage of each type of white blood cell in your blood. | ||
The diagnosis is made after a [[complete blood count]], a routine blood test. The absolute [[neutrophil]] count in this test will be below 500, and can reach 0 cells/ | The diagnosis is made after a [[complete blood count]], a routine blood test. The absolute [[neutrophil]] count in this test will be below 500, and can reach 0 cells/mm³. Other kinds of blood cells are typically present in normal numbers. | ||
Other tests to diagnose the condition may include: | Other tests to diagnose the condition may include: | ||
* [[Bone marrow biopsy]] | * [[Bone marrow biopsy]] | ||
* [[Biopsy]] of mouth [[ulcer]] | * [[Biopsy]] of mouth [[ulcer]] | ||
* [[Neutrophil antibody studies]] (blood test) | * [[Neutrophil antibody studies]] (blood test) | ||
== '''Treatment''' == | == '''Treatment''' == | ||
Treatment depends on the cause of the low white blood cell count. For example, if a medicine is the cause, stopping or changing to another medicine may help. In other cases, medicines to help the body make more white blood cells will be used. | Treatment depends on the cause of the low white blood cell count. For example, if a medicine is the cause, stopping or changing to another medicine may help. In other cases, medicines to help the body make more white blood cells will be used. | ||
'''Transfusion of granulocytes''' would have been a solution to the problem. However, granulocytes live only ~10 hours in the circulation (for days in spleen or other tissue), which gives a very short-lasting effect. In addition, there are many complications of such a procedure. | '''Transfusion of granulocytes''' would have been a solution to the problem. However, granulocytes live only ~10 hours in the circulation (for days in spleen or other tissue), which gives a very short-lasting effect. In addition, there are many complications of such a procedure. | ||
== '''Prevention''' == | == '''Prevention''' == | ||
If you are having treatment or taking medicine that could cause agranulocytosis, your health care provider will use blood tests to monitor you. | If you are having treatment or taking medicine that could cause agranulocytosis, your health care provider will use blood tests to monitor you. | ||
{{Monocyte and granulocyte disease}} | {{Monocyte and granulocyte disease}} | ||
[[Category:Monocyte and granulocyte disorders]] | [[Category:Monocyte and granulocyte disorders]] | ||
{{rarediseases}} | {{rarediseases}} | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:21, 5 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Agranulocytosis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Agranulosis, Granulopenia |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fever, chills, sore throat, infection |
| Complications | Sepsis, septic shock |
| Onset | Sudden |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Drug-induced, autoimmune disorders, bone marrow failure |
| Risks | Use of certain medications, chemotherapy, radiation therapy |
| Diagnosis | Complete blood count, bone marrow biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Leukopenia, neutropenia |
| Prevention | Avoidance of causative drugs, monitoring blood counts |
| Treatment | Discontinuation of offending drugs, antibiotics, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor |
| Medication | Filgrastim, pegfilgrastim |
| Prognosis | Variable, depending on cause and treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Other names:Granulocytopenia; Granulopenia
White blood cells fight infections from bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other germs. One important type of white blood cell is the granulocyte, which is made in the bone marrow and travels in the blood throughout the body. Granulocytes sense infections, gather at sites of infection, and destroy the germs.
When the body has too few granulocytes, the condition is called agranulocytosis. This makes it harder for the body to fight off germs. As a result, the person is more likely to get sick from infections.
Cause[edit]
Agranulocytosis may be caused by:
- Autoimmune disorders
- Bone marrow diseases, such as myelodysplasia or large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia
- Certain medicines used to treat diseases, including cancer
- Certain street drugs
- Poor nutrition
- Preparation for bone marrow transplant
- Problem with genes
- Spleen enlargement
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of this condition may include:
- Fever
- Chills
- Malaise
- General weakness
- Sore throat
- Mouth and throat ulcers
- Bone pain
- Pneumonia
- Shock
Diagnosis[edit]
A blood differential test will be done to measure the percentage of each type of white blood cell in your blood. The diagnosis is made after a complete blood count, a routine blood test. The absolute neutrophil count in this test will be below 500, and can reach 0 cells/mm³. Other kinds of blood cells are typically present in normal numbers. Other tests to diagnose the condition may include:
- Bone marrow biopsy
- Biopsy of mouth ulcer
- Neutrophil antibody studies (blood test)
Treatment[edit]
Treatment depends on the cause of the low white blood cell count. For example, if a medicine is the cause, stopping or changing to another medicine may help. In other cases, medicines to help the body make more white blood cells will be used. Transfusion of granulocytes would have been a solution to the problem. However, granulocytes live only ~10 hours in the circulation (for days in spleen or other tissue), which gives a very short-lasting effect. In addition, there are many complications of such a procedure.
Prevention[edit]
If you are having treatment or taking medicine that could cause agranulocytosis, your health care provider will use blood tests to monitor you.
| Hematologic disease: Monocyte and granulocyte disease (CFU-GM/CFU-Baso/CFU-Eos), including immunodeficiency (D70-D71, 288) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
NIH genetic and rare disease info[edit]
Agranulocytosis is a rare disease.
| Rare and genetic diseases | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Rare diseases - Agranulocytosis
|
