Acute eosinophilic leukemia: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Acute eosinophilic leukemia | |||
| synonyms = AEL | |||
| field = [[Hematology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Fatigue (medical)]], [[fever]], [[weight loss]], [[night sweats]], [[anemia]], [[thrombocytopenia]], [[hepatosplenomegaly]] | |||
| complications = [[Organ damage]], [[bleeding]], [[infection]] | |||
| onset = Can occur at any age, but more common in adults | |||
| duration = Chronic condition | |||
| causes = [[Genetic mutations]], [[environmental factors]] | |||
| risks = [[Family history]], exposure to certain [[chemicals]] or [[radiation]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Blood test]], [[bone marrow biopsy]], [[cytogenetic analysis]] | |||
| differential = [[Chronic eosinophilic leukemia]], [[hypereosinophilic syndrome]], [[acute myeloid leukemia]] | |||
| treatment = [[Chemotherapy]], [[targeted therapy]], [[stem cell transplant]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on response to treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Acute Eosinophilic Leukemia''' (AEL) is a rare subtype of [[Acute Myeloid Leukemia]] (AML), characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled proliferation of [[eosinophils]], a type of white blood cell, in the bone marrow and blood. | '''Acute Eosinophilic Leukemia''' (AEL) is a rare subtype of [[Acute Myeloid Leukemia]] (AML), characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled proliferation of [[eosinophils]], a type of white blood cell, in the bone marrow and blood. | ||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
The exact cause of AEL is unknown. However, it is believed to be associated with genetic abnormalities, such as the rearrangement of the [[FIP1L1-PDGFRA]] gene. Other potential risk factors include exposure to certain chemicals and radiation, and a history of blood disorders. | The exact cause of AEL is unknown. However, it is believed to be associated with genetic abnormalities, such as the rearrangement of the [[FIP1L1-PDGFRA]] gene. Other potential risk factors include exposure to certain chemicals and radiation, and a history of blood disorders. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms of AEL can vary widely and may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, night sweats, and frequent infections due to a compromised immune system. Some patients may also experience skin rashes, difficulty breathing, and organ damage due to the infiltration of eosinophils. | Symptoms of AEL can vary widely and may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, night sweats, and frequent infections due to a compromised immune system. Some patients may also experience skin rashes, difficulty breathing, and organ damage due to the infiltration of eosinophils. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of AEL is often challenging due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms. It typically involves a complete blood count, bone marrow biopsy, and cytogenetic analysis to identify any genetic abnormalities. The presence of more than 20% eosinophils in the bone marrow is a key diagnostic criterion. | Diagnosis of AEL is often challenging due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms. It typically involves a complete blood count, bone marrow biopsy, and cytogenetic analysis to identify any genetic abnormalities. The presence of more than 20% eosinophils in the bone marrow is a key diagnostic criterion. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment options for AEL include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and stem cell transplantation. The choice of treatment depends on the patient's overall health, age, and the specific genetic abnormalities present. | Treatment options for AEL include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and stem cell transplantation. The choice of treatment depends on the patient's overall health, age, and the specific genetic abnormalities present. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis of AEL is generally poor, with a median survival of less than two years. However, patients with the FIP1L1-PDGFRA gene rearrangement tend to have a better prognosis and may achieve long-term remission with targeted therapy. | The prognosis of AEL is generally poor, with a median survival of less than two years. However, patients with the FIP1L1-PDGFRA gene rearrangement tend to have a better prognosis and may achieve long-term remission with targeted therapy. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Eosinophilia]] | * [[Eosinophilia]] | ||
* [[Myeloproliferative neoplasm]] | * [[Myeloproliferative neoplasm]] | ||
* [[Hypereosinophilic syndrome]] | * [[Hypereosinophilic syndrome]] | ||
[[Category:Leukemia]] | [[Category:Leukemia]] | ||
[[Category:Rare diseases]] | [[Category:Rare diseases]] | ||
Latest revision as of 22:40, 3 April 2025
| Acute eosinophilic leukemia | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | AEL |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fatigue (medical), fever, weight loss, night sweats, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly |
| Complications | Organ damage, bleeding, infection |
| Onset | Can occur at any age, but more common in adults |
| Duration | Chronic condition |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic mutations, environmental factors |
| Risks | Family history, exposure to certain chemicals or radiation |
| Diagnosis | Blood test, bone marrow biopsy, cytogenetic analysis |
| Differential diagnosis | Chronic eosinophilic leukemia, hypereosinophilic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Chemotherapy, targeted therapy, stem cell transplant |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on response to treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Acute Eosinophilic Leukemia (AEL) is a rare subtype of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled proliferation of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, in the bone marrow and blood.
Etiology[edit]
The exact cause of AEL is unknown. However, it is believed to be associated with genetic abnormalities, such as the rearrangement of the FIP1L1-PDGFRA gene. Other potential risk factors include exposure to certain chemicals and radiation, and a history of blood disorders.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of AEL can vary widely and may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, night sweats, and frequent infections due to a compromised immune system. Some patients may also experience skin rashes, difficulty breathing, and organ damage due to the infiltration of eosinophils.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of AEL is often challenging due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms. It typically involves a complete blood count, bone marrow biopsy, and cytogenetic analysis to identify any genetic abnormalities. The presence of more than 20% eosinophils in the bone marrow is a key diagnostic criterion.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment options for AEL include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and stem cell transplantation. The choice of treatment depends on the patient's overall health, age, and the specific genetic abnormalities present.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis of AEL is generally poor, with a median survival of less than two years. However, patients with the FIP1L1-PDGFRA gene rearrangement tend to have a better prognosis and may achieve long-term remission with targeted therapy.
See also[edit]
NIH genetic and rare disease info[edit]
Acute eosinophilic leukemia is a rare disease.
| Rare and genetic diseases | ||||||
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Rare diseases - Acute eosinophilic leukemia
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