Stomach flu
Stomach Flu
Stomach flu (pronounced: /ˈstʌmək fluː/), also known as gastroenteritis (pronounced: /ˌɡæstroʊˌɛntəˈraɪtɪs/), is a condition that causes irritation and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The term "stomach flu" is a misnomer as it is not caused by the influenza virus.
Etymology
The term "stomach flu" is derived from the words "stomach", referring to the organ affected, and "flu", a shortened form of "influenza". However, the condition is not related to influenza, which primarily affects the respiratory system. The term "gastroenteritis" is derived from the Greek words "gastro-" (stomach), "-entero-" (intestine), and "-itis" (inflammation).
Symptoms
Symptoms of stomach flu include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and sometimes fever. These symptoms can lead to dehydration, especially in children and older adults.
Causes
Stomach flu can be caused by various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Common viral causes include the norovirus and rotavirus. Bacterial causes can include E. coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter. Parasitic causes can include Giardia and Cryptosporidium.
Treatment
Treatment for stomach flu primarily involves managing symptoms and preventing dehydration. This can include rest, drinking fluids, and taking over-the-counter medications to manage symptoms. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required for IV fluid administration.
Prevention
Prevention of stomach flu involves good hygiene practices, such as regular hand washing, especially before meals and after using the bathroom. Vaccines are available for some causes of stomach flu, such as rotavirus.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Stomach flu
- Wikipedia's article - Stomach flu
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