Sternocleidomastoid

Sternocleidomastoid (pronunciation: /ˌstɛrnoʊˌklaɪdoʊˈmæstoɪd/) is a prominent muscle in the neck that acts to flex and rotate the head. It is named for its attachment points at the sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process of the temporal bone.

Etymology

The term "sternocleidomastoid" comes from the Greek words "sternon" (chest), "kleis" (clavicle), and "mastoides" (breast-like), referring to the muscle's points of attachment.

Anatomy

The sternocleidomastoid muscle originates from the manubrium of the sternum and the medial third of the clavicle, and inserts at the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the superior nuchal line. It is innervated by the accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI) and receives blood supply from the occipital artery and superior thyroid artery.

Function

The sternocleidomastoid muscle has several actions on the head and neck. It acts to flex the neck, tilt the head to the same side, and rotate the head to the opposite side. It also assists in deep inspiration.

Related Terms

Accessory nerve: The nerve that innervates the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
Mastoid process: The point of insertion for the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
Sternocleidomastoid syndrome: A condition characterized by pain and stiffness in the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Sternocleidomastoid
Wikipedia's article - Sternocleidomastoid

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Sternocleidomastoid