Spondyloarthritis

Spondyloarthritis (pronounced: spon-dy-lo-ar-thri-tis) is a term used to describe a group of inflammatory diseases that primarily affect the spine and other joints. The term is derived from the Greek words "spondylos" meaning vertebra, "arthro" meaning joint, and "itis" meaning inflammation.

Types

Spondyloarthritis can be divided into several types, including:

Ankylosing spondylitis: This is the most common form of spondyloarthritis, characterized by inflammation and fusion of the spine and sacroiliac joints.
Psoriatic arthritis: This type of spondyloarthritis is associated with the skin condition psoriasis.
Reactive arthritis: This form of spondyloarthritis occurs as a reaction to an infection in the body.
Enteropathic arthritis: This type of spondyloarthritis is associated with inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis: This term is used when the disease does not fit into the above categories or is in the early stages.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of spondyloarthritis include:

Chronic back pain
Joint pain and swelling
Stiffness, particularly in the morning
Fatigue

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of spondyloarthritis is based on a combination of symptoms, physical examination, and imaging tests such as X-rays and MRI. Blood tests may also be used to look for markers of inflammation and to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for spondyloarthritis typically involves a combination of medication, physical therapy, and sometimes surgery. Medications used may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologic agents.

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Spondyloarthritis